In high temperate latitudes, ungulates generally give birth within a narrow time window when conditions are optimal for offspring survival in spring or early summer, and use changing photoperiod to time conceptions so as to anticipate these conditions. However, in low tropical latitudes day length variation is minimal, and rainfall variation makes the seasonal cycle less predictable. Neverthele...

Inter-species transmission is often incriminated in the epidemiology of Pestivirus diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Pestivirus in some mountain wild ungulates and to determine their role in Pestivirus transmission, as mountain pastures are a place where cohabitations between wild and domestic ungulates are particularly high. Between 2003 and 2007, a longi...

A detailed submacroscopic anatomical study of the cranial cervical ganglion (CCG) and its branches with its adjoining structures was carried out by examining 14 halves of seven heads of Holstein cattle under a magnifying lens to provide comprehensive descriptions with color photographs of the location, relation to neighboring structures, morphometry, and morphology of CCG and its branches. Our ...

10 Spatial heterogeneity of soil resources, particularly nitrogen availability, affects herbaceous-layer 11 cover and diversity in temperate forest ecosystems. Current hypotheses predict that ungulate 12 herbivores influence nitrogen availability at the stand scale, but how ungulates affect nitrogen 13 availability at finer spatial scales that are relevant to the herb-layer is less understood. ...

Many populations of threatened mammals persist outside formally protected areas, and their survival depends on the willingness of communities to coexist with them. An understanding of the attitudes, and specifically the tolerance, of individuals and communities and the factors that determine these is therefore fundamental to designing strategies to alleviate human-wildlife conflict. We conducte...

Ungulates (antelopes, deer and relatives) have some of the most diverse social systems among mammals. To understand evolution ungulate organization, Jarman (1974) proposed an ecological scenario how distribution resources, habitat feeding style may influenced organization. Although Jarman's makes intuitive sense remains a textbook example evolution, it has not been scrutinized using modern phyl...

Host extinction can alter disease transmission dynamics, influence parasite extinction and ultimately change the nature of host-parasite systems. While theory predicts that single-host parasites are among the parasite species most susceptible to extinction following declines in their hosts, documented parasite extinctions are rare. Using a comparative approach, we investigate how the richness o...

Desert ungulates live in adverse ecosystems that are particularly sensitive to degradation and global climate change. Here, we asked how two ungulate species with contrasting feeding habits, grazing gemsbok (Oryx g. gazella) and browsing springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis), respond to an increase in food availability during a pronounced rain period. We used a stable isotope approach to delineate...