Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in men 20 to 35 years of age and has an annual incidence of four per 100,000. If diagnosed early, the cure rate is nearly 99 percent. Risk factors for testicular cancer include cryptorchidism (i.e., undescended testicles), family history, infertility, tobacco use, and white race. Routine self-examination and physician screening have not been shown...

Clinical details are presented on 151 individuals with Noonan syndrome (83 males and 68 females, mean age 12.6 years). Polyhydramnios complicated 33% of affected pregnancies. The commonest cardiac lesions were pulmonary stenosis (62%), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (20%), with a normal echocardiogram present in only 12.5% of all cases. Significant feeding difficulties during infancy were pres...

PURPOSE This retrospective surveillance study used linked administrative claims data and medical records to determine the rate and types of birth malformations in infants born to women exposed to the antibiotic, clarithromycin (Biaxin), during the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS Pharmacy and hospital claims from eight geographically diverse health plans were used to identify women who h...

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies, the treatment of which is both appealing and challenging for any experienced paediatric urologist. The hypospadiac malformation can be defined as a consequence of a misdevelopment of the urethral spongiosum tissue, with a defect of the ventral aspect of the prepuce and the skin of the distal shaft. Usually, an arrest in the normal embr...

OBJECTIVE The cryptorchidism is a risk factor for testicular cancer and is associated with cancer in the contraleteral testicle. The mechanism that leads to an increased risk of causes in a cryptorchid testis is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 25 patients of 20-years old for maldescended testicles we practiced orchiectomy in 22 testicles and orchiopexy in 7 testicles. The time pati...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible development of histological abnormalities such as fibrosis and microcalcifications after sperm retrieval in a ram model. Fourteen testicles in nine rams were exposed to open biopsy, multiple TESAs, or TESE, and the remaining four testicles were left unoperated on as controls. Three months after sperm retrieval, the testicles were removed, fixed...

BACKGROUND The strength of the association between undescended testis and testicular cancer varies considerably across studies. Here we report the effect of various classifications of self-reported history of undescended testis and different data sources on the estimates of the risk of testicular cancer from a case-control study. METHODS We performed a population-based case-control study incl...

Undescended testis is one of the most common pediatric disorder of the male endocrine glands and the most common genital disorder identified at birth. The undescended testis may be palpable or non-palpable. Approximately 20% of undescended testis are non-palpable and either located in the abdomen or the canaliculi, or atrophic or are completely absent. Identifying the location of ectopic and un...

Administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to prepubertal Thoroughbred colts results in significant increases in serum testosterone concentrations. Colts with cryptorchid testicles have a reduced response in testosterone concentration compared to colts with descended testicles. Treatment with HCG facilitates descent of inguinally located testicles. Author’s address: Large Animal Medic...

Neoplasia UDT is associated with an increased risk of germ cell tumour of the testis. It has been suggested that males with UDT have a 40 times increase in the rate of neoplasia above the general population.1 Although this number is debatable, these data need to be interpreted with caution because testicular malignancy is very rare in Africa.2 The role of orchiopexy in reducing malignancy is co...