Reliable data delivery for underwater acoustic sensor networks is a major concern in applications such as surveillance, data collection, navigation, and ocean monitoring. Geocasting is a crucial communication primitive needed to support these applications, which consists in transmitting one or multiple consecutive data packets – all carrying an atomic message – to nodes located in a certain geo...

In underwater acoustic networks (UANs), due to the unique characteristics of acoustic modems such as long preambles and extremely low transmission rates, contentions are usually costly. As a result, both random access and handshake based MAC protocols do not perform as well as expected. A collisionfree approach is therefore considered to more likely achieve a better performance. Following this ...

Medium Access Control (MAC) is an essential component of protocol stacks in Underwater Acoustic Networks (UANs). Numerous dedicated UAN MAC protocols have been proposed and studied via analysis and simulations. However, limited work has been done on evaluating these protocols in real ocean environments. To achieve a better understanding on how MAC protocols perform in real world UANs, we implem...

Unlike a terrestrial wireless communication which uses radio waves, underwater communication relies on acoustic waves. The long latency and limited bandwidth pose great challenges in Underwater Media Access Control (MAC) design. So this paper proposes a new MAC protocol for wireless sensor acoustic network which are adaptable to underwater environment. This new protocol is based on the classic ...

Underwater Internet-of-Things (UIoT) is an extension of technology in underwater. The underwater acoustic network with WiFi architecture (UW-WiFi), as a specific deployment UIoT, has been proved to be promising technique for wide-ranging marine applications. However, due the unique features channel, such long and variable propagation delay, low available bandwidth high bit error rate, conventio...

Medium Access Control (MAC) delay which occurs between the anchor node's transmissions is one of the error sources in underwater localization. In particular, in AUV localization, the MAC delay significantly degrades the ranging accuracy. The Cramer-Rao Low Bound (CRLB) definition theoretically proves that the MAC delay significantly degrades the localization performance. This paper proposes und...

A hierarchical time division multiple access (HTDMA) medium access control (MAC) protocol is proposed for clustered mobile underwater acoustic networks. HTDMA consists of two TDMA scheduling protocols (i.e., TDMA1 and TDMA2) in order to accommodate mobile underwater nodes (UNs). TDMA1 is executed among surface stations (e.g., buoys) using terrestrial wireless communication in order to share mob...

In this paper, we propose an efficient geo-routing aware MAC protocol (GOAL) for underwater acoustic networks. It smoothly integrates self-adaptation based RTS/CTS, geographic cyber carrier sense and implicit ACK to do combined channel reservation and next hop selection. As a result, it possesses the advantages of both geo-routing protocol and reservation based MAC protocol. Specifically, its s...

Several Medium Access Control (MAC) and routing protocols have been developed in the last years for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). One of the main difficulties to compare and validate the performance of different proposals is the lack of a common standard to model the acoustic propagation in the underwater environment. In this paper we analyze the evolution of underwater acoustic ...