It is of great importance to consider long-term stability of rock mass around the openings of underground structure, during design, construction and operation of the said structures in rock. In this context, three methods namely, empirical, analytical and numerical have been applied to design and analyze the stability of underground infrastructure at the Siah Bisheh Pumping Storage Hydro-Electr...

A Wireless Underground Sensor Network (WUSN) is a network of wireless sensor devices in which all sensor devices are deployed completely underground (network sinks or any devices specifically for relay between sensors and a sink may be aboveground). These networks can be utilized to monitor the underground environment, especially soil conditions and aboveground events, such as the presence of p...

Low-energy high-resolution neutrino-electron scattering experiments may play an important role in testing the gauge structure of the electroweak interaction. We propose the use of radioactive neutrino sources (e.g. Cr) in underground experiments such as BOREXINO and HELLAZ as a probe of the weak neutral current structure. As an illustration, we display the sensitivity of these detectors in test...

Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) can enable many important applications such as intelligent agriculture, pipeline fault diagnosis, mine disaster rescue, concealed border patrol, crude oil exploration, among others. The key challenge to realize WUSNs is the wireless communication in underground environments. Most existing wireless communication systems utilize the dipole antenna to t...

The cadastral system provides land ownership information by registering and representing land boundaries on a map. The current cadastral system in Korea, however, focuses mainly on the management of 2D land-surface boundaries. It is not yet possible to provide efficient or reliable land administration, as this 2D system cannot support or manage land information on 3D properties (including archi...

Underground railway stations are known to have elevated particulate matter (PM) loads compared to ambient air. As these particles are derived from metal-rich sources and transition metals may pose a risk to health by virtue of their ability to catalyze generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), their potential enrichment in underground environments is a source of concern. Compared to coarse (...

A wireless underground sensor network (WUSN) is defined as a network of wireless sensor devices in which all sensor devices are deployed completely underground (network sinks or any devices specifically for relay between sensors and a sink may be aboveground). In hybrid wireless underground sensor network (HWUSN), communication between nodes is implemented from underground-to-air or air-to-unde...

Stability of underground structures is assessed by comparing rock strength with induced stresses resulted from ground stresses. Rock mass surrounding the opening may fail either by fracture or excessive deformation caused. Accurate calculation of induced stresses is therefore fundamental in the stability analysis of an opening. Although numerical methods, particularly finite element method, are...

We present in this paper a multiagent approach to manage communication in wireless instrumentation system. Our solution is based on a structure emergence process. It is applied in the context of the EnvSys project which aims the instrumentation of an underground river system.

Based on cell complex theory, after analyzing the corresponding relationship among cell, cell complex and 3D spatial solid, a formal definition for 3D spatial solid is presented. Through analyzing the geometric constructing relationship between cell and cell complex, we induce element boundary define and adhesive relationship existed in 3D spatial object; analyse three kinds of non-manifold cas...