Recent studies have suggested that educators should avoid concrete instantiations when the goal is to promote transfer. However, concrete instantiations may benefit transfer in the long run, particularly if they are “faded” into more abstract instantiations. Undergraduates were randomly assigned to learn a mathematical concept in one of three conditions: generic, in which the concept was instan...

Clutter can slow visual search. However, experts may develop attention strategies that alleviate the effects of clutter on search performance. In the current study we examined the effects of global and local clutter on visual search performance and attention strategies. Pilots and undergraduates searched for an elevation marker in charts of high, medium, and low global clutter. The target was i...

This study investigated the relationship between an institution’s academic library performance measures and undergraduates’ library use and educational outcomes. The sample consisted of 7,958 undergraduates attending 36 colleges and universities representing four institutional types. Regression analyses determined the relationship between academic library performance measures and library use an...

The computer graphics research community has recently renewed its interest in ray tracing, an image synthesis algorithm that simulates the interaction of light with an environment to generate highly realistic images (Figure 1). Recent hardware trends and algorithmic developments make the technique competitive with raster-based algorithms, and some suggest that ray tracing will begin to dominate...

indifferent incisions, and in two cases where the iris rose above the knife, the complete iridectomies followed the normal course during convalescence. In assessing the relative merits of the two methods of extraction one must consider two factors: (a) the von Graefe method is simple and quick, and has withstood the test of time and usage in many thousands of cases: its drawbacks are known and ...

My research has touched many areas of combinatorics, including enumerative, algebraic, spectral, extremal and probabilistic. The projects below include finding the stationary distribution of a random coloring procedure, pursuing new directions in the math of juggling, working with undergraduates on Ramsey theory, and studying a pair of topics from spectral graph theory. I have mentored undergra...

The study analyzed differences in the risk of experiencing stressful life events (SLE) according to cultural factors, the level of economic development of the region inhabited, and gender. Information was gathered on the number and nature of SLE experienced by a sample of 604 undergraduates from 3 regions with very different levels of economic development: Madrid (Spain), León (Nicaragua), and ...

A growing body of research has documented the positive outcomes of research experiences for undergraduates. Undergraduates have reported cognitive gains, such as increased confidence in their ability to do science and learning to “think and work like a scientist”; affective gains, such as finding research enjoyable and exciting; and behavioral outcomes, such as clearer intentions to pursue furt...