The flicker sensitivity (temporal modulation transfer function) of a rod monochromat was measured at luminances in the range of 8 to 782 scotopic td. The results could be fitted by a single curve shifted vertically, suggesting that rod saturation is independent of the temporal properties of the stimulus. This is consistent with the hypothesis that rod saturation is a pure receptor phenomenon.

In this work, using finite-difference time-domain method, we propose and numerically demonstrate a novel way to achieve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon in the reflection spectrum by stacking two different types of coupling effect among different elements of the designed metamaterial. Compared with the conventional EIT-like analogues coming from only one type of couplin...

Saturation of carrier occupation in optically excited materials is a well-established phenomenon. However, so far, the observed saturation effects have always occurred in the strong-excitation regime and have been explained by Pauli blocking of the optically filled quantum states. On the basis of microscopic theory combined with ultrafast pump-probe experiments, we reveal a new low-intensity sa...

Geometric scaling is a novel scaling phenomenon observed in deep inelastic scattering at small x: the total γ * p cross section depends upon the two kinematical variables Q 2 and x only via their combination ξ ≡ Q 2 R 2 0 (x), with R 2 0 (x) ∝ x λ. At sufficiently low Q 2 , below the saturation scale Q 2 s (x) (∼ a few GeV 2), this phenomenon finds a natural explanation as a property of the Col...

This study examines in soccer fanzine two identity management strategies – BIRGing and blasting -of two groups of highly identified soccer fans with allegiance to the same team. Results showed strong support for the BIRG phenomenon among both ultra fans groups but little evidence of the blasting phenomenon among either group. The implications of these findings are discussed in regards to social...

Input saturation is a widespread phenomenon in the field of instrumentation, and is harmful to performance and robustness. In this paper, a control design framework based on composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) and integral sliding mode (ISM) technique is proposed for a MEMS micromirror to improve its performance under input saturation. To make the framework more effective, some essential improve...

Background As shown at 7T Time-of-Flight (TOF) angiography significantly benefits from ultra high field (UHF) [1,2], because of shorter T1 relaxation constant and increased SNR. However, significant challenges have to be overcome before using 7T TOF in clinical applications: I) RF induced specific absorption rate (SAR) substantially increases at UHF, preventing the use of standard RF pulses (ve...