Heterogeneous ultra-dense networks enable ultrahigh data rates and ultra-low latency through the use of dense sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave (mmWave) small cells with different antenna configurations. Existing work has widely studied spectral and energy efficiency in such networks and shown that high spectral and energy efficiency can be achieved. This article investigates the benefits of hetero...

This paper presents a Successive Approximation Register Analog-to-Digital Converter (SAR ADC) design for sensor applications. An energy-saving switching technique is proposed to achieve ultra low power consumption. The measured Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio (SNDR) of the ADC is 58.4 dB at 2 MS/s with an ultra-low power consumption of only 6.6 μW from a 0.8V supply, resulting in a Figure-...

For a decade, low-power design has been part of mainstream semiconductor R&D activities, while ultra-lowpower (ULP) design remained dedicated to niche markets of particular applications such as sensor networks, RFIDs and biomedical devices, where speed performances are not critical. However, today’s 65/45nm CMOS technologies offer so compact circuits and high device performance that they give t...