Using a simple three-dimensional lattice copolymer model and Monte Carlo dynamics, we study the collapse and folding of protein-like heteropolymers. The polymers are 27 monomers long and consist of two monomer types. Although these chains are too long for exhaustive enumeration of all conformations, it is possible to enumerate all the maximally compact conformations, which are 3×3×3 cubes. This...

We review the topic of hybrid superconducting nanostructures by introducing the basic physical concepts and describing recent key experimental results. We discuss the superconductivity nucleation in mesoscopic structures, the vortex lattice imaging in doped diamond films, the superconducting proximity effect, multiple Andreev reflection in Josephson junctions and the electronic micro-cooling in...

Artificial environment-friendly Gd-free magnetic nanostructures for magnetic cooling are investigated by temperature-dependent magnetic measurements. We consider two-phase nanocomposites where nanoclusters (Fe) are embedded in a Ni 61 Cu 39 matrix. Several composite films are produced by cluster deposition. The average Fe cluster size depends on the deposition conditions and can be tuned by var...

We study the properties of density perturbations of a two-component plasma with a temperature difference on a homogeneous and isotropic background. For this purpose we extend the general relativistic gauge invariant covariant (GIC) perturbation theory to include a multi-fluid with a particular equations of state (ideal gas) and imperfect fluid terms due to the relative energy flux between the t...

We show that coronal magnetic dissipation in thin active sheets that sandwich standard thin accretion disks in active galactic nuclei may account for canonical electron temperatures of a few ×10K if protons acquire most of the dissipated energy. Coulomb collisions transfer energy from the ions to the electrons, which subsequently cool rapidly by inverse-Compton scattering. In equilibrium, the p...

BACKGROUND In conventional PCR, total amplicon yield becomes independent of starting template number as amplification reaches plateau and varies significantly among replicate reactions. This paper describes a strategy for reconfiguring PCR so that the signal intensity of a single fluorescent detection probe after PCR thermal cycling reflects genomic composition. The resulting method corrects fo...

Light-cone coordinates and supersymmetric discrete light-cone quantization are used to analyze the thermodynamics of two-dimensional supersymmetric quantum chromodynamics with a Chern–Simons term in the large-Nc approximation. This requires estimation of the entire spectrum of the theory, which is done with a new algorithm based on Lanczos iterations. Although this work is still in progress, so...