in order to study the response of new sugar beet hybrids and cultivars to curly top disease in the field conditions, an experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and sixteen treatments in 2007 in fasa. each plot included a hybrid or cultivar planted in three rows with eight meter length and 50cm between- row spacing. after weeding and first thinning...

The genome of tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) from Australia was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence determined. It is a single circular ssDNA of 2766 nucleotides containing the consensus nonanucleotide sequence present in all geminiviruses. It has six open reading frames with an organization resembling that of certain other dicotyledonous plant-infecting monopartite geminiviruses, i.e. t...

introduction: plant diseases caused by geminiviruses are one of the main constraints of legume production in the world. they are responsible for a constraint on production of various crops. geminiviruses are characterized by their twinned icosahedral particles and their single-stranded dna genome. the family geminiviridae is grouped into four genera: begomovirus, mastrevirus, curtovirus and top...

Remorins, a family of plant-specific proteins containing a variable N-terminal region and conserved C-terminal domain, play a role in various biotic and abiotic stresses, including host-microbe interactions. However, their functions remain to be completely elucidated, especially for the Arabidopsis thaliana remorin group 4 (AtREM4). To elucidate the role of remorins in Arabidopsis, we first sho...