The spiral tunnel could flexibly design the curvature and slope of according to geological structure, avoiding adverse effect complex terrain topography, had a strong advantage in engineering applications. Different from ordinary straight linear tunnels, tunnels have circular trend with obvious slope, which ensures certain differences between construction ventilation two types especially terms ...

Real-world emission factors for different vehicle types and their contributions to roadside air pollution are needed air-quality management. Tunnel measurements have been used estimate several using linear regression or receptor-based source apportionment. However, the accuracy uncertainties of these methods not sufficiently discussed. This study applies four derive from tunnel in Hong Kong, Ch...

nowadays deep excavations are needed for construction of foundation of high rise buildings, providing space for parking and etc. in some cases deep excavations may be constructed in the vicinity of the subway tunnels and causes unpredicted extra displacements and internal forces in tunnel lining of tunnels which were not designed for them and consequently affect serviceability of tunnel. theref...

the construction of underground tunnel plays a more and more important role in the development of big cities. one of the most important problems caused by the construction of the tunnel is that underground excavation will cause large settlement of the ground and buildings. previous studied showed the difference between numerical and experimental results. in this study the case study of niyayesh...

Modern technology has been used to build tunnels in recent years by means of drilling machines (TBM) that were used for civil engineering work in large cities to reduce the harmful effects of spending on the surface of the earth significantly. To build the tunnel, numerical modeling was used on the basis of the finite element method to predict stress behavior during the tunnel construction proc...

In this paper, we assume that a professional pollutant treatment enterprise treats all of the pollutants emitted by multiple small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In order to determine the treatment price, SMEs can bargain with the pollutant treatment enterprise individually, or through forming alliances. We propose a bargaining game model of centralized pollutant treatment to study how th...

During the construction of tunnel based on drilling and blasting method, a large amount wastewater will be produced, in which types concentrations main pollutants change regularly with continuous circulation process. In this paper, Hengwu drilling, post blasting, slag discharge initial support stages is sampled detected, pollutant laws each stage are analyzed, set pair analysis method used to e...

Nowadays deep excavations are needed for construction of foundation of high rise buildings, providing space for parking and etc. In some cases deep excavations may be constructed in the vicinity of the subway tunnels and causes unpredicted extra displacements and internal forces in tunnel lining of tunnels which were not designed for them and consequently affect serviceability of tunnel. Theref...

Research indicates that multiple outdoor air pollutants and adverse neighborhood conditions are spatially correlated. Yet health risks associated with concurrent exposure to air pollution mixtures and clustered neighborhood factors remain underexplored. Statistical models to assess the health effects from pollutant mixtures remain limited, due to problems of collinearity between pollutants and ...