Complement-dependent cytotoxicity in tumor bearer sera (TBS) from Wistar rats carrying any of five transplantable aminoazo dye-induced hepatomas (D23, D33, D23/Not, D30, or D202) were investigated by a short-term 51Cr release assay. Extensive tests of various TBS against the hepatomas revealed that the tumors could be divided into two groups. Group 1 hepatomas (D23, D33, and D23/Not) all shared...

A monoclonal antibody (G9), having an organ-specific and tumorassociated reactivity with colon carcinoma, has been generated. Mono clonal antibody G9 is an IgGl immunoglobulin produced by immunization of mice with mucin which had been purified from a liver metastasis of a moderately differentiated human colon carcinoma. Examination of normal adult tissues, by enzyme immunoassay and immunohistoc...

Most cancer vaccines induce CTL responses to tumorassociated antigens (TAA). Killing of tumor cells occurs through TAA-specific CTL-mediated cytolysis. Here, we show that one preventive followed by two therapeutic immunizations with an attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (LM)–based vaccine eradicates all metastases and almost the entire primary tumor in the syngeneic, aggressive mouse breast tumo...

Recently, mutations in the B-Raf gene have been identified in a variety of human cancers, such as melanoma and colorectal carcinoma, and more than 80% of the B-Raf mutations have been V599E. Although other mutations have been reported, their functional consequences are poorly understood. In our earlier study, we demonstrated that colon tumorassociated B-Raf mutations within the kinase activatio...

Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer stem cells play an important role in the pathobiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). However, little is known about functional interactions between head and neck cancer stem-like cells (CSC) and surrounding stromal cells. Here, we used aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and CD44 expression to sort putative stem cells from primary hum...

High concentrations of adenosine in tumor microenvironments inhibit antitumor cytotoxic lymphocyte responses. Although T cells express inhibitory adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) that suppress their activation and inhibit immune killing of tumors, a role for myeloid cell A2ARs in suppressing the immune response to tumors has yet to be investigated. In this study, we show that the growth of transp...

Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) are thought to be immunogenic, because cytokine-induced and even spontaneous tumor regression has been ob served in a significant number of patients. However, little is known about the nature of immune responses that might lead to tumor regression. We studied naturally arising human T-cell responses against RCC by com bining molecular analyses of T-cell receptor (TC...

Purpose: We investigated the presence of autoantibodies as immunobiomarkers to a panel of tumorassociated antigens in a group of individuals with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a disease group that has a poor overall cancer prognosis and therefore may benefit most from early diagnosis. Experimental Design: Sera from 243 patients with confirmed SCLC and normal controls matched for age, sex, and ...

Clonal variations in the tumorigenicity and in the expressions of tumorassociated antigens (TAA) as well as normal cell surface antigens were studied using clones of a highly tumorigenic DBA/2 lymphoma, LI 210, which were isolated by limiting dilution in vitro. The majority of the clones were highly tumorigenic (funi*) in normal syngeneic mice, as was the parent 1.121(1.The rest were nontumorig...

The phenomenon of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a phenotypic switch that allows epithelial tumor cells to acquire features of mesenchymal cells, including the ability to migrate and invade and, therefore, to disseminate from the primary site. In addition to promoting tumor dissemination, various reports have demonstrated that acquisition of features of EMT associates with tumor res...