the aim of this investigation is to compare the effect of applying two transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (tens) current with different frequencies (2 hz & 100 hz) on hoffmann reflex recorded from gastrosoleus muscle of healthy people. forty female subjects between 20 to 30 years of age were participated in this quasi-experimental design. twenty of them were exposed to the 100 hz curre...

background and aim: the normal response of h-reflex depression (hd) was reduced in chronic spinal cord injury (sci) patients. the reduction of this normal response can lead to increase the muscle tone and spasticity. the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of tripolar cathodal stimulation on hd in sci patients.   materials and methods: this study was conducted in 10 volunteered s...

.4bstruct Various anode-cathode configurations in a nerve cujf were modeled in ordcr to optimize its spatial selectivity characterktics for FNS. Apart from usual configurations (nronopole, bipole, longitudinal tripole, “steering” anode), a transverse t r ipoh configuration (cenfral cathode) was examined The model predicrions were verified bey mute animal experiments. It is concluded that a tran...

background & aim: pain is the main stressful factor in patients hospitalized in intensive care units(icu). non-pharmacological methods for pain relief are preferred by icu patients due to lack of considerable side effects. the present research aims to determine the effect of tens on pain intensity followed by surgery in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. setting of the study was bes...