Surgical castration is a common management practice performed on male pigs to prevent the occurrence of boar taint. Surgical castration is known to cause physiological and behavioral changes in pigs indicative of pain-induced distress; however, it is commonly performed without pain relief. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon dioxide gas (CO(2)) anesthesia and...

Keys to subfamilies, genera and species of the Prophalangopsidae are provided. Two new species Aboiloilomimus guizhouensis sp. n. and Aboiloimimus ornatus sp. n. are described respectively from Guizhou and Sichuan of China. The female of Prophalangopsis obscura is found for the first time from Tibet and is given a diagnosis. All type specimens examined in this study are deposited in Shanghai En...

Accurate species identification of Candida, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon and other yeast pathogens is important for clinical management. In the present study, we developed and evaluated a yeast species identification scheme by determining the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region length types (LTs) using a sequencer-based capillary gel electrophoresis (SCGE) approach. A total of 156 yeast...

Production of biofilm in Staphylococcus epidermidis is mediated through enzymes produced by the four-gene operon ica and is subject to phenotypic variation. The purpose of these experiments was to investigate the regulation of ica and icaR transcription in phenotypic variants produced by multiple unrelated isolates of S. epidermidis. Ten isolates were chosen for the study, four of which contain...

Punit Shah , Caroline Catmur d and Geoffrey Bird e,f a Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, University of London, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom b Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom c Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1...

Yeasts cause only 5-10% of onychomycosis; the most common yeast is Candida albicans, and rarely Trichosporon spp. is found. Recently, it has become an important cause of fungemia with a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Superficial infections caused by Trichosporon spp., including piedra and onychomycosis, occur in immunocompetent patients. Herein, we report a case of a fungal ...

Latex beads coated with anti-Cryptococcus neoformans antibody were agglutinated by serum from a bone marrow transplant recipient having a disseminated infection caused by Trichosporon beigelii. The cryptococcal latex agglutination titer in the serum of the patient rose to 1:2,560 by the time of his death. Necropsy confirmed the disseminated Trichosporon infection and absence of C. neoformans. C...