background: narcotic addiction is one of the most important problems in human communities that unfortunately it's prevalence has been increased in our country inconveniently. opium has various effects on the parts of body. many studies has been performed about these effects, but opium effect on common bile duct has allocated only small quantity. materials and methods: this study is a cross-sect...

bile duct ligation (bdl) is shown to induce cholestasis-related liver function impairments as well as consequent cognitive dysfunctions (i.e. impaired learning and memory formation). this study investigates the effects of cholestasis (14, 21 and 28 days post bile duct ligation) on spatial and non-spatial novelty detection, using a non-associative task. male mice weighing 30-35 g were used. chol...

Using of nanofluids and ducts with corrugated walls are both supposed to enhance heat transfer, by increasing the heat transfer fluid conductivity and the heat transfer area respectively. Use of a diverging duct with a jet at inlet section may further increase heat transfer by creating recirculation zones inside the duct. In this work two-dimensional incompressible laminar flow of a nanofluid e...

biliary papillomatosis is a disorder characterized by numerous adenomatous polyps of variable distribution and extent in intrahepatic bile ducts. it should be considered as a premalignant condition because a high proportion of the lesions undergo malignant transformation. in this report, we present a patient with abdominal pain and jaundice. according to his presenting signs and symptoms, ercp ...

Triangular norms in the study of probabilistic metric spaces as a special kind of associative functions defined on the unit interval. These functions have found applications in many areas since then. In this study, we present new methods for constructing triangular norms and triangular conorms on an arbitrary bounded lattice under some constraints. Also, we give some illustrative examples for t...

intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (ipmns) are rare pancreatic tumours, accounting for less of 1-2% of all neoplasms of the gland. main characteristics of ipmns are their favourable prognosis as these pre-malignant or frankly malignant lesions are usually slow-growing tumours and radical surgery is frequently possible. according with the localization of the lesions, three different entiti...

Recent interest in 3-D vectorial sensors requires the development of propagation methods, rather than scalar wave equation approaches. We derive a vector from Maxwell's equations for medium which has an inhomogeneous dielectric permittivity dominated by variation along one dimension. It is well known that electric field components decouple homogeneous media. However, 1-D variations yield upper ...

danehkhoshk anticline is a typical growing anticline in kermanshah province which is located in folded zagros belt. the purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of tectonic on the triangular facet characteristics, the drainage density and on the drainage pattern formed on anticline. dimensions of triangular facets were determined by means of quickbird satellite images and field works....