An origin-destination (OD) flow is the movement of objects from an origin to a destination. Determining how flows vary across geographic locations helps understand mechanism distributions; however, it has rarely been studied. Here, we propose trend surface model with polynomial functions quantify distribution coordinates in space. This assumes that observed data-record composed value and residu...

abstract climate variability empowers critical consequences on sustainability of soil and water resources. in this paper the trend of annual and seasonal time scale of temperature (minimum, maximum, average), relative humidity (minimum, maximum, average), precipitation, wind speed, extreme events, cloudiness, reference evapotranspiration employing mann-kendall and least square errors were studi...