Forest disturbances in central Europe caused by fungal pests may result in widespread tree mortality. To assess the state of health and to detect disturbances of entire forest ecosystems, up-to-date knowledge of the tree species diversity is essential. The German state Mecklenburg–Vorpommern is severely affected by ash (Fraxinus excelsior) dieback caused by the fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus pse...

turning of hardened steels using a single point cutting tool has replaced the cylindrical grinding now as it offers attractive benefits in terms of lower equipment costs, shorter set up time, fewer process setups, higher material removal rate, better surface quality and elimination of cutting fluids compared to cylindrical grinding. in order to obtain desired surface quality by machining, prope...

Turning of hardened steels using a single point cutting tool has replaced the cylindrical grinding now as it offers attractive benefits in terms of lower equipment costs, shorter set up time, fewer process setups, higher material removal rate, better surface quality and elimination of cutting fluids compared to cylindrical grinding. In order to obtain desired surface quality by machining, pr...

ficus benjamina l. is indoor plant in temperate areas that is a tree species belongs to moraceae family. propagation of this plant is down by vegetative method. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of iba concentration and time of taking cutting on propagation of ficus benjamina via stenting technique in gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural resources, in 2012. treat...

Milling of fiber reinforced polymer composites is of great importance for integrated composites with other mating parts. Improper selection of cutting process parameters, excessive cutting forces and other machining conditions would result in rejection of components. Therefore, machining conditions are optimized to reduce the machining forces and damages. This work reports practical experiments...

Cutting stock problems are within knapsack optimization problems and are considered as a non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard problem. In this paper, two-dimensional cutting stock problems were presented in which items and stocks were rectangular and cuttings were guillotine. First, a new, practical, rapid, and heuristic method was proposed for such problems. Then, the ...

Techniques of clonal selection, establishment of hedged stool-beds, and cutting propagation have been developed for Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. (Chinese fir) in Zhejiang Province, China, and clonal forestry has been implemented in a local programme based at Kaihua County Forest Farm. Cutting propagation and the maintenance of juvenility, and plantation performance of 102 clones in sin...

A branch and cut algorithm is developed for solving 0-1 MINLP problems. The algorithm integrates Branch and Bound, Outer Approximation and Gomory Cutting Planes. Only the initial Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) master problem is considered. At integer solutions Nonlinear Programming (NLP) problems are solved, using a primal-dual interior point algorithm. The objective and constraints ar...