Today, leisure time is changing by globalization and using of information technology. Most of people especially women prefer to spend their leisure time by modern technologies. Thus, they spend their leisure time to look up satellite programs and use of the internet. This research has done for sociological consideration of the globalization of communications (internet  & satellite) on leisure t...

This paper describes the Biopsychosocial Theory and contrasts it to the traditional theories of addiction. Included in the discussion is how the new theory incorporates the strengths of the older traditional theories while remaining a distinct entity with a unique set of hypotheses, and the addition of the spiritual dimension, which, from the Alcohol and Drug Services’ (ADS) perspective, has ge...

As the distinguished representation of Chinese industrial art, blue-and-white porcelain shows the soul of Chinese traditional industrial culture. However, to combine porcelain research with symbolism theories is a process of symbolization. Firstly, the researches on blue-and-white porcelain are part of Chinese traditional industrial art and technology engineering researches while symbolism is a...

Hypercomputational formal theories will, clearly, be both structurally and foundationally different from the formal theories underpinning computational theories. However, many of the maps that might guide us into this strange realm have been lost. So little work has been done recently in the area of metamathematics, and so many of the previous results have been folded into other theories, that ...

Hypercomputational formal theories will, clearly, be both structurally and foundationally different from the formal theories underpinning computational theories. However, many of the maps that might guide us into this strange realm have been lost. So little work has been done recently in the area of metamathematics, and so many of the previous results have been folded into other theories, that ...

Behavioral economics uses evidence from psychology and other social sciences to create a precise and fruitful alternative to traditional economic theories, which are based on optimization. Behavioral economics may interest some biologists, as it shifts the basis for theories of economic choice away from logical calculation and maximization and toward biologically plausible mechanisms.

This paper articulates some fundamental requirements of science and engineering widely observed in traditional engineering disciplines and argues that we need to adopt in SE research a similar methodological rigor. SE community needs to define rigorously technical concepts, formulate research hypotheses, test theories, and reexamine conflicting theories closely to maintain our theory consistent...

It is no secret that scientists argue. They argue about theories. But even more, they argue about the evidence for theories. Is the evidence itself trustworthy? This is a bit surprising from the perspective of traditional empiricist accounts of scientific methodology according to which the evidence for scientific theories stems from observation, especially observation with the naked eye. These ...