A study of the performance of five commercial radiotherapy treatment planning systems (TPSs) for common treatment sites regarding their ability to model heterogeneities and scattered photons has been performed. The comparison was based on CT information for prostate, head and neck, breast and lung cancer cases. The TPSs were installed locally at different institutions and commissioned for clini...

Time-dependent configuration interaction (TD-CI) simulations can be used to simulate molecules in intense laser fields. TD-CI calculations use the excitation energies and transition dipoles calculated in the absence of a field. The EOM-CCSD method provides a good estimate of the field-free excited states but is rather expensive. Linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE One of the newer audit modalities operated by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) involves audits of treatment planning systems (TPS) in radiotherapy. The main focus of the audit is the dosimetry verification of the delivery of a radiation treatment plan for three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiotherapy using high energy photon beams. The audit has been carried ...

The extensive family of plant terpene synthases (TPSs) generally has a bi-domain structure, yet phylogenetic analyses consistently indicate that these synthases have evolved from larger diterpene synthases. In particular, that duplication of the diterpene synthase genes required for gibberellin phytohormone biosynthesis provided an early predecessor, whose loss of a approximately 220 amino acid...

Abstract The electrified railway has power quality problems such as three phases seriously unbalanced, large harmonics, and reactive power. In addition, the neutral section exists at each supply section, which restricts development of high-speed heavy-haul railway. This paper proposes a novel co-phase traction system (TPSS) based on YNvd balanced transformer, can not only solve above but also s...

The discovery of new mechanisms resistance and natural bioactive molecules could be two the possible ways to reduce fungicide use in vineyard assure an acceptable sustainable protection against Plasmopara viticola, grapevine downy mildew agent. Emission volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as terpenes, norisoprenoids, alcohols aldehydes, is frequently induced plants response attack by pathog...

This work aimed at evaluating the performance of three different intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment planning systems (TPSs)--KonRad, XiO and Prowess--for selected pediatric cases. For this study, 11 pediatric patients with different types of brain, orbit, head and neck cancer were selected. Clinical step-and-shoot IMRT treatment plans were designed for delivery on a Siemens ONCOR...

Convergence problems of meta-GGA (generalized gradient approximation) XC (exchange and correlation) functionals containing a self-interaction correction term are traced back to a singularity of the latter that occurs at critical points of the electron density. This is demonstrated for the bond critical point of equilibrium and stretched H2. A simple remedy is suggested that cures meta-XC functi...