BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant, can generate free radicals which damages the reproductive system. Vitamin C is an antioxidant which may prevent the adverse effects of free radicals. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effect of vitamin C on the ovary tissue in rats treated with BPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 24 female Wistar rats (200±2...

hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in daily life and include plant and animal fats, alcohols, solvents, natural gas, petroleum derivates. majority of intoxication reports of hydrocarbons are due to inhalation or ingestion, but there is few reports about intravenous injection of gasoline. we report a 58 year-old man who injected gasoline intravenously for suicide. he developed soft tissue necrosis of f...

Estonian shale oil contains about 25--30% phenols, and their action determines the toxicity of shale oils. The clinical symptoms of intoxication are rather similar, regardless of route of administration. Due to neurotropic action, the coordination of movements is impaired, and clonic and tetanic convulsions, paresis and paralysis of extremities, and narcosis are observed. In subacute and chroni...

Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzo-odioxa-thiepin-3-oxide) is a chlorinated cyclodiene insecticide which acts as a contact poison in a wide variety of insects and mites (Naqvi and Vaishnavi, 1993). Endosulfan was first registered for use in the USA in 1954 to control agricultural insects and mite pests. Due to its toxic effect, the World Health O...

BACKGROUND Osteochondral injuries constitute an entity that is widespread and can be seen in patients of all ages. Actual treatment modalities aim to relieve pain, obtain full range of movement of the joint, and improve the quality of life. There are many slow-acting chondroprotective agents prevalently used in the United States that are classified as nutritional support but not as medicines . ...

Fluoromethyl-2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether (FDVE; 1) is a fluoroalkene formed by the base-catalyzed degradation of the anesthetic sevoflurane. FDVE is nephrotoxic in rats. In both rats and humans, FDVE undergoes glutathione-dependent conjugation, cleavage to cysteine S-conjugates, and renal -lyase-catalyzed metabolism to reactive intermediates, which may cause nephrotoxicity. Inte...

RATIONALE Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) mainly occurs in the elderly, with the peak age of onset ranging from 55 to 75 years. The symptoms of sCJD are not unique, and laboratory tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)14-3-3 protein have low sensitivity or specificity. Therefore, excluding treatable diseases and establi...

Every infection is a battle for trace elements. Neutrophils migrate first to the infection site and accumulate quickly to high numbers. They fight pathogens by phagocytosis and intracellular toxication. Additionally, neutrophils form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to inhibit extracellular microbes. Yet, neutrophil trace element characteristics are largely unexplored. We investigated unst...

Type-6-secretion systems of Gram-negative bacteria are widely distributed needle-like multi-protein complexes that are involved in microbial defense mechanisms. During bacterial competition these injection needles dispense effector proteins into the periplasm of competing bacteria where they induce degradation of the peptidoglycan scaffold and lead to cell lysis. Donor cells co-produce immunity...

background: bisphenol a (bpa), an environmental pollutant, can generate free radicals which damages the reproductive system. vitamin c is an antioxidant which may prevent the adverse effects of free radicals.objective: the aim was to investigate the effect of vitamin c on the ovary tissue in rats treated with bpa.materials and methods: in this experimental study, 24 female wistar rats (200±20 g...