Metal mines mined using the sublevel caving method often exhibit various environmental problems on ground surface. This can affect safety of production process in mining area. A numerical model Universal Distinct Element Code has been established to investigate deformation failure giving rise this underground mining. The calculations are combined with in-situ monitoring data collected over a pe...

For many industrial parts, their natural resting pose differs from the orientation desired for assembly. We have found that it is possible in many cases to compensate for this difference using a parallel-jaw gripper with fixed orientation. The idea is to arrange contact points on each gripper jaw so that the part is reoriented as it is grasped. We analyze the mechanics of compensatory grasping ...

The deformation failure modes of gravity retaining walls include overturning, toppling, deep sliding, and eccentric failure. complex mode, which involves the multi-stage walls, suffers from a lack mechanical models design theories. Based on basic theory reinforced concrete construction, this study established calculation model bottom-confined (RC-GRWs), are composed tensile, compressive, rigid ...

The Bethe ansatz method and an iterative procedure based on detailed balance are used to obtain exact results for an asymmetric avalanche process on a ring. The average velocity of particle flow, v, is derived as a function of the toppling probabilities and the density of particles, rho. As rho increases, the system shows a transition from intermittent to continuous flow, and v diverges at a cr...

We study a two-person game played on graphs based on the widely studied chip-firing game. Players Max and Min alternately place chips on the vertices of a graph. When a vertex accumulates as many chips as its degree, it fires, sending one chip to each neighbour; this may in turn cause other vertices to fire. The game ends when vertices continue firing forever. Min seeks to minimize the number o...

Damage from a dormant-season windstorm in a 3-year-old Populus research trial differed among four clones and three spacings and between monoclonal and polyclonal plots. Clonal differences in susceptibility to toppling (or leaning) were associated with both above-and below-ground characteristics. Susceptible clones had less taper in the lower stem and more weight in branches on the upper stem. T...