River topography is famously fractal, and the fractality of the sediment bed surface can produce scaling in solute residence time distributions. Empirical evidence showing the relationship between fractal bed topography and scaling of hyporheic travel times is still lacking. We performed experiments to make highresolution observations of streambed topography and solute transport over naturally ...

In mantle convection models, the top surface is traditionally approximated as a freeslip boundary, and the dynamic topography is obtained by assuming that the normal stress on the free-slip boundary is compensated instantaneously through surface deformation. It has already been shown that this approximation is valid for longwavelength topography. Based on both viscous and viscoelastic models wi...

The weakly nonlinear dynamics of quasi-geostrophic flows over a one-dimensional, periodic or random, small-scale topography is investigated using an asymptotic approach. Averaged (or homogenised) evolution equations which account for the flow-topography interaction are derived for both barotropic and continuously stratified geostrophic fluids. The scaling assumptions are detailed in each case; ...

Analyzing single trial brain activity remains a challenging problem in the neurosciences. We gain purchase on this problem by focusing on globally synchronous fields in within-trial evoked brain activity, rather than on localized peaks in the trial-averaged evoked response (ER). We analyzed data from three measurement modalities, each with different spatial resolutions: magnetoencephalogram (ME...

The interaction of tidal currents with sea-floor topography results in the radiation of internal gravity waves into the ocean interior. These waves are called internal tides and their dissipation due to nonlinear wave breaking and concomitant threedimensional turbulence could play an important role in the mixing of the abyssal ocean, and hence in controlling the large-scale ocean circulation. A...

Laser polishing is a finishing process based on melting material, with the objective of improving surface topography. Some operating parameters must be taken into consideration, such as laser power, feed rate, offset, and overlapping. Moreover, because of its dependence on the primary process, the initial topography has also an impact on the final result. This study describes a quadratic model,...

The possibility of using topography in a state estimation context as a control parameter is explored in a linear barotropic shallow water model. Along with its adjoint, the model is used to systematically assess the influence of the depth field on the modeled circulation in a steady state. Sensitivity of the flow field to the topography is greater in a partially blocked zonal channel than in a ...