This review describes physiological mechanisms and selectable indicators of gene action, with the aim of promoting new screening methods to identify genetic variation for increasing the salt tolerance of cereal crops. Physiological mechanisms that underlie traits for salt tolerance could be used to identify new genetic sources of salt tolerance. Important mechanisms of tolerance involve Na+ exc...

the deleterious effects of salinity on plant growth and development are associated with the imbalance ion in plant, decreased k+ and increased na+, and ultimately yield loss. in order to evaluate the effects of salinity, 41 bread wheat varieties (trticum aestivum l.) were planted in the randomized complete block design with three replications under two saline irrigation conditions, 0.631 and 11...

regarding to different social policies of two former presidents (hashemi rafsanjani & mohammad khaatami), the present essay is going to evaluate and compare the rate of social isolation consequences between the mass and elite groups in iran during 8 years of their presidency. at first, different dimensions of social isolation consequences have been reviewed and four main dimensions have been de...

this study was conducted to determine drought tolerance genotypes with superiority in different stressed environments. to screening quantitative indices of drought tolerance, genotypes of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) were tested in a complete randomized block design with three replications under two different water regimes (irrigated and rainfed). significant positive correlation was fou...

Background: Gentleness, ease and compromise with others cause the proper development of human emotions and in religious texts it is referred to as "tolerance". This moral virtue has a high importance and position among different schools and religious teachings, so the main question in this study was how the relationship between the moral virtues of tolerance in the school of liberalism with thi...

environmental pollution consists of different types of pollutants in air, soil, and water. due to the fact that plants can respond to environmental pollution, they can be used as bio-indicators for environmental monitoring. air pollution in areas with oil and gas refineries nearby is an important problem. this study aims to survey the effects of gas refinery air pollutants on conocarpus erectus...

The Water Framework Directive requires the development of biological tools which can act as early-warning indicators of a sudden increase (accidental pollution) or decrease (recovery due to prevention) of the chemical status of aquatic systems. River biofilms, which respond quickly to modifications of environmental parameters and also play a key part in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems, ar...

A lanthanide-functionalized MOF with extremely high water tolerance was developed as a fluorescent probe for hippuric acid (HA) in urine which is considered as the biological indicators of toluene exposure. For the first time, the urinary HA was detected by fluorescence spectrometry based on a recyclable Ln-MOF sensor.