Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) has a pivotal role in innate immune responses, and the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (C/EBPδ, Cebpd) is a Tlr4-induced gene. Here we identify a positive feedback loop in which C/EBPδ activates Tlr4 gene expression in macrophages and tumour cells. In addition, we discovered a negative feedback loop whereby the tumour suppressor FBXW7α (FBW7...

The development of vaccine adjuvants is interest for the management chronic diseases, cancer, and future pandemics. Therefore, role Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in effects has been investigated. TLR4 ligand-based are most frequently used human vaccines. Among TLR family members, unique dual signaling capabilities due to recruitment two adapter proteins, myeloid differentiation marker 88 (MyD88) i...

BACKGROUND The immune responses to bacterial products through the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. A recent study described an association between CD and some gene coding for bacterial receptor like NOD2/CARD15 gene and TLR4. In this study, we sought to determine whether TLR4 gene was associated with Crohn's disease (CD) among the Tunisi...

ABSTRACT Domestic buffalo production plays an economically important role in the Brazilian Amazon, but they are susceptible to many diseases favored by tropical climate and annually flooded habitats, including ocular diseases. In this context, it is select genotypes that maximize innate immunity Amazonian herds. We aimed characterise, for first time, gene expression profiles of immune system co...

TLR4 is an innate immune receptor with expression in human skin, keratinocytes as well as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. In the present study we investigate the role of TLR4 as a negative regulator of keratinocyte proliferation. We present here that the expression of TLR4 increased with the differentiation of cultured keratinocytes in a passage-dependent manner or under calcium-rich...

PURPOSE Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is known to be involved in innate immunity and inflammatory responses that play important roles in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). But the relationship between TLR4 gene and CAD has yet to be investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of TLR4 gene polymorphisms with CAD susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. ME...

AIM To evaluate the pathogenic role of toll-like receptor (TLR) gene polymorphisms in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS Two hundred and fifty subjects (NAFLD = 200, healthy volunteers = 50) underwent polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to assess one polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene (A753G), two polymorphisms...

Vechur cattle, an indigenous breed of Kerala are highly disease resistant. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) perform a vital role in disease resistance through their recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In this study, the mRNA of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene of Vechur cattle was sequenced, characterized and compared with other species. Total RNA from milk somatic cells of...

Cholesteatoma is a severe non-cancerous lesion of the middle ear characterized by massive inflammation, tissue destruction, and an abnormal growth keratinized squamous epithelium. We recently demonstrated presence pathogenic stem cells within cholesteatoma tissue, unfortunately their potential roles in regulating disease-specific chronic inflammation remain poorly understood. In presented study...

Background: Endometriosis, defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus, is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory condition associated with degrees of pelvic pain and infertility. Toll-like receptors play a key role in immune response, by regulating inflammatory reactions and activating adaptive immune response to eliminate infectious pathogens and cancer debris. Pol...