Three wind gust estimation (WGE) methods implemented in the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model COSMO-CLM are evaluated with respect to their forecast quality using skill scores. Two methods estimate gusts locally from mean wind speed and the turbulence state of the atmosphere, while the third one considers the mixing-down of high momentum within the planetary boundary layer (WGE Brasseur)...

The distribution of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and its budget terms is estimated in simulated tropical cyclones (TCs) various intensities. Each TC subject to storm motion, wind shear, oceanic coupling. Different intensities are achieved through different ocean profiles the model initialization. For each profile, atmospheric simulations performed with without TKE advection. In all simulation...

Abstract Accurately representing boundary layer turbulent processes in numerical models is critical to improve tropical cyclone forecasts. A new turbulence kinetic energy (TKE)-based moist eddy-diffusivity mass-flux (EDMF-TKE) planetary scheme has been implemented NOAA’s Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS). This study evaluates EDMF-TKE hurricane conditions based on a recently develop...

PURPOSE To assess how 4D flow MRI-based pressure and energy loss estimates correspond to net transstenotic pressure gradients (TPGnet) and their dependence on spatial resolution. METHODS Numerical velocity data of stenotic flow were obtained from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in geometries with varying stenosis degrees, poststenotic diameters and flow rates. MRI measurements ...

Contemporary Earth system models mostly ignore the sub-grid scale (SGS) heterogeneous coupling between land surface and atmosphere. To aid in development of coupled atmosphere SGS parameterizations for global models, we present a study different aspects highly realistic sub-100 km land-surface heterogeneity. The primary experiment is set simulations September 24, 2017 over Southern Great Plains...

Present knowledge concerning the transport of lymph has been gained primarily from study of the effect of extrinsic factors on lymph floW. The influence of muscular movement, respiration, pulse, vascular changes, massage, etc., has been extensively reviewed by Drinker and Yoffey (1). Study of the possible intrinsic mechanisms involved in the transport of lymph, on the other hand, has received b...

In this study, measured hydrophysical data collected by the University of Miami researchers from the southern part of the Strait of Hormuz during the period December 1996 to March 1998 and climate data from the Qeshm island meteorological station were used to simulate water column turbulence south of the Qeshm Island, via General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM). The model does not use slip and fl...

In tkis paper, we analyze the class separation ofthefeatures in handwriting recognition. Behaviors of measurement tools are studied with partial and full class$cations. A new scheme ofselecting and combining class-dependentfeatures is proposed. In this scheme, a class is considered to have its own optimalfeature vectorfOr discriminating irselfSrom tke other classes. Using an architecture of mod...

By considering turbulence observations in the atmospheric stable surface layer over complex terrain, we study effect of submeso motions on budgets mean turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and (half) temperature variance. Different averaging times are considered (i.e., 100 s 30 min), to filter out or retain contributions second-order moments. Furthermore, results interpreted by introducing four param...

The major objective of this study was to develop further understanding of 3D nearshore hydrodynamics under a variety of wave and tidal forcing conditions. The main tool used was a comprehensive 3D numerical model – combining the flow module of Delft3D with the WAVE solver of XBeach – of nearshore hydroand morphodynamics that can simulate flow, sediment transport, and morphological evolution. Su...