Anti-vaccine sentiment found fertile soil in the US, where the ethos of individual responsibility often clashed with public health programs based on collective norms. As Allen notes, Americans remained suspicious of calls for mandatory vaccination. What kept vaccine opponents on the defensive, however, were the rapid breakthroughs in medicine and public health. Jenner's triumph was followed by ...

The action of chloroform in preventing or delaying putrefaction was shown by several investigators rather more than twenty years ago. 3¢[iintz* seems to have been the first to point out that the use of chloroform water or the addition of chloroform to a liquid destroys living ferments (or a fermentation dependent upon life), but does not injure the ferments or enzymes themselves. This important...

Proacrosin, the zymogen precursor of acrosin, was shown to associate with anionic phospholipid membranes through apparent electrostatic charge interactions. This association was diminished by elevated cation concentrations and was dependent on membrane composition, as shown both by direct binding assays and by following the phospholipid stimulation of conversion of proacrosin into acrosin.