We propose a new mathematical engine for reasoning with abstraction to support engineering design. The new Quantity Lattice (ql) will be built on the foundation of the existing Quantity Lattice by Reid Simmons Simmons, 1986], the Bounder inequality reasoner by Elisha Sacks Sacks, 1987b], and the Minima hybrid real/sign algebra by Brian Williams Williams, 1991]. The new ql supports representatio...

a central premise of monetary policy in the U.S. throughout the first decade of the 21st century has been a firm commitment to avoid deflation, that is, a persistent fall in the price level. indeed, it is the consensus view of policymakers and most economists.1 central premise of monetary policy in the U.S. throughout the first decade of the 21st century has been a firm commitment to avoid defl...

برای دانشجویان و دانشمندان جوان ممکن است این سؤال مطرح گردد که برای دانشمند شدن، کیفیت یا کمیت مقالات یک فرد است که دارای اهمیت می‌باشد؟ شخصاً، بارها با این سؤال به هنگام برگزاری کارگاه‌های مقاله نویسی مواجه شد‌ه‌ام. Salthammer در انتهای سخن سردبیری خود، دو مثال بسیار جالب می‌آورد تا به روشنی به سؤال فوق پاسخ دهد. او در ابتدا به شیمیدان روسی به نام Yuri Struchkov اشاره می‌کند که در سال 1926 میل...

Quantity plays an important role in the analysis of a wide variety of phonological and morphological phenomena in many languages including the analysis of word stress, tone, compensatory lengthening, shortening processes, minimal word requirements, templatic restrictions and allomorphy selection. These phenomena frequently distinguish between syllables that are short (or light) from those that ...

In this paper, we study a special class of generalized Douglas-Weyl metrics whose Douglas curvature is constant along any Finslerian geodesic. We prove that for every Landsberg metric in this class of Finsler metrics, ? = 0 if and only if H = 0. Then we show that every Finsler metric of non-zero isotropic flag curvature in this class of metrics is a Riemannian if and only if ? = 0.

量(Quantities)は、あらゆる場面で用いられ、我々が世界を理解するために重要な一部で ある。エンジンの馬力、サイズ、走行距離、自動車の価格など、様々な量について私たち は会話を行っている。 この論文では、それらの表現を生成する、認知的な量および法則の象徴的表現(symbolic representations)を提案する。言語学と心理学の分野から証拠を集めた結果、その表象は 2 種類に分けることが出来ると主張する。 ・Dimensional representations 「大きい」や「小さい」など、量の変化を意味するもの ・Structural representations 「沸点」や「貧困線」など、質の変化を意味するもの そこで、パイロット実験を行った結果、Dimensional な区別に関して、人々に共通する 特徴が存在することが示唆された。 また最後に、我々は計算モ...

In This Issue In This Issue Rabs make their way to mitochondria he large family of Rab GTPases has various functions, including the assembly of proteins required for endocytosis and membrane trafficking. Now, a new function for a Rab is emerging. On page 659, Alto et al. describe a Rab that affects mitochon-drial fission. This GTPase, Rab32, also has an unusual binding partner, the cAMP-depende...

Previous studies in the issue of inventory models with imperfect quality assumed the defectives could be sold in a batch by the end of the inspection process and the manufacturing systems were push systems. However, the above assumptions may not be true in the pull system in which buyer is powerful. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a new inventory model for items with imperfect quality and ...