<p><em>Umar bin Khattab was the second caliph in history of Islamic rule. Lots progress achieved during period his caliphate. This article compiled order to explain from a historical perspective dynamics government that occurred caliphate Umar Khattab. begins with an explanation process appointing and structure built time along duties functions each structure. With this research it ...

kharijite as one of the groups in the first and second centuries, had a respectively certain attitude toward women. they have offered quite different views of woman and her participation in social and political issues including, marriage, treatment toward female prisoners, women in battles and women caliphate, which took influence of looking at surface and appearance of quran and ideas of peopl...

the life of ibn hani can be divided into two parts: the first period under the umayyad rule in andalusia, where he spends nearly three decades of his life in his homeland in obscurity without referring scholars in his life to the poem or literary pieces, and the second period is in moroccan area, proven in his divan, after his sun has raised and shone commonly mentioned there.  the study in the...

A representative selection of glazed ceramics recovered from medieval Islamic contexts excavated in the former Roman port Utica (North Tunisia) (23 99 pieces) has revealed new data about glaze technologies central Mediterranean. Stratified sequences pottery have established four main phases occupation which span mid-tenth to mid-eleventh centuries. Significant changes range wares are found Ziri...

centuries. Starting from the pre-Islamic era in the 6th century AD and extending to the 16th Century AD when the Ottoman Sultan Salim I in 1516 AD invaded and destroyed the Mamluk Dynasty in Syria and Egypt extending the Ottoman Empire into North Africa. The language of science at the time was Arabic. Many scientists and physicians throughout the Muslim Empire taught and wrote in Arabic. This w...

political thought of muslim in the middle of abolition of the ottoman caliphate, as a symbol of islamic world, followed with two reactions. a group, under rashid rida as thinker of the group, was thinking of caliphate to its real origin. the other group, under ali abdel raziq, was come to being with his prominent book entitled “islam and foundations of governance”, thinking that caliphate is hi...

The article has a history of religions approach, and analyzes the “counter-narrative” Hizb ut-Tahrir, which is global political Islamist group aims to establish universal caliphate. It “vocal radical” radical group, rejecting use violence. against democracy, secularization liberal values, promotes return “true Islam”, obliges Muslims caliphate, ruled by divine will. analysis ideology will conte...