Disorders of sexual development (DSD) refers to a group diseases that links the mismatch between an individual’s genetic and gonadal its phenotype. Ovotesticular DSD (true hermaphroditism) is one such disease, in which both male female gonads are present. A 15-year-old boy with history surgery for non-palpable testis was examined due bilateral gynecomastia known gonosomal mosaic Klinefelter syn...

We identified the insect iridovirus IIV-6/CrIV as a pathogen of the cricket Gryllus texensis using electron microscopy (EM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. EM showed that the virus attacks the fat body, an organ important for protein production, immune function and lipid storage. During infection the fat body hypertrophied, but egg production withered, leaving the lateral oviducts...

In mammals, the Y chromosome is a dominant male determinant, causing the bipotential gonad to develop as a testis. Recently, cases of familial and spontaneous 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) have been attributed to mutations in the human gene encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1, MAP3K1, a component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction...

background: anabolic-androgenic steroids are used at high doses by athletes for improving athletic ability, physical appearance and muscle mass. therefore, the abuse of these steroids has been significantly increased. many undesirable side effects of these steroids on the male reproductive function have been reported, however, little is known about their effects on sexual behavior and tissues o...

A case of a 45,X/46,XY boy with gonadal dysgenesis is presented. The patient showed hypospadias and right undescended testis. He underwent underwent repair surgery for hypospadias, right orchidopexy, and bilateral testicular biopsy. Testicular biopsy revealed no malignant finding. He was followed-up annually by scrotum palpation. When the patient grew up to 24 years old, he was diagnosed to hav...

background:  matricaria chamomilla is an ancient herbal drug widely consumed to sexual system improvement. the aim of this research was to study the effect of matricaria chamomilla hydroalcholic extract on the pituitary-testis axis and testes tissues of male rats. methods:  mature male rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the matricaria group (100 mg/kg of matricaria chamomilla extract vi...

In mammals, the transcription factor SRY, encoded by the Y chromosome, is normally responsible for triggering the indifferent gonads to develop as testes rather than ovaries. However, testis differentiation can occur in its absence. Here we demonstrate in the mouse that a single factor, the forkhead transcriptional regulator FOXL2, is required to prevent transdifferentiation of an adult ovary t...

Small heat shock proteins 9 and 10 (HSPB9 and HSPB10) are two testis-specific expressed sHsps. The objective of this study was to investigate the mRNA expression profile of HSPB9 and HSPB10 in goat testis among the different seasons, ages, and environmental temperatures. Allocation of the two sHsps was also performed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the transcript levels of HSPB...

BACKGROUND Mammary gland tumors are the most common tumors in sexually intact female dogs; however, they are rare in male dogs. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sexual hormones and mammary gland tumors in a male dog. CASE PRESENTATION A 13-year-old, intact male Cocker Spaniel presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Kangwon National University, Republic...

Authors describe genitourinary changes in male hamsters infected and reinfected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Changes in genital organs have been described in human and in experimental chagasic infection. Genital dysfunctions in chronic chagasic patients affect ejaculation, libido and sexual potency, and testis biopsies may show arrested maturation of germ cells, oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Sixt...