The problem of determining small but significant amounts of carbohydrates, in purified proteins, has been studied using the membrane protein, cytochrome b5. A newly developed method that involves direct gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of sugars obtained by hydrolysis of proteins purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) allows the identification and d...

In the preceding paper (Pesonen M., W. Ansorge, and K. Simons, 1984, J. Cell Biol., 99:796-802), we have shown that transcellular transport of the membrane glycoprotein G of vesicular stomatitis virus implanted into the apical membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells is transcytosed through the endosomal compartment to the basolateral plasma membrane. To determine whether the Golgi complex w...

Adherence of the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans to basement membrane (BM) proteins is considered a crucial step in the development of candidiasis. In this study the interactions of C. albicans yeast cells with the three main domains of type IV collagen, a major BM glycoprotein, were analysed. C. albicans adhered to the three immobilized domains by different mechanisms. Adhesion to the ...

Intracellular parasites, such as Leishmania spp, must acquire suitable carbon sources from the host cell in order to replicate. Here we present evidence that intracellular amastigote stages of Leishmania exploit amino sugars in the phagolysosome of mammalian macrophages as a source of carbon and energy. L. major parasites are capable of using N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine as primarily car...

We have examined the topography of N-acetylglucosamine-terminating glycoproteins in membranes from rat liver smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (SER and RER). It was found that some of these glycoproteins are intrinsic membrane proteins with their sugars facing the cytosolic rather than the luminal side. This conclusion was reached by using vesicles from the SER and RER that were sealed and...

Introduction: Nowadays, there is special interest in finding a new contraceptive drug with high safety and fewer side effects. Investigations have shown that dill (Anethum graveolens L.) can be used either as a menstrual cycle regulator or contraceptive. Since cell surface terminal sugars have crucial roles in oocyte maturation, fertilization and implantation, in this study we investigated the ...

Sugars repress alpha-amylase expression in germinating embryos and cell cultures of rice (Oryza sativa) through a sugar response complex (SRC) in alpha-amylase gene promoters and its interacting transcription factor MYBS1. The Snf1 protein kinase is required for the derepression of glucose-repressible genes in yeast. In this study, we explored the role of the yeast Snf1 ortholog in rice, SnRK1,...

BACKGROUND The aim of this research was to study the distribution and changes of glycoconjugates particularly their terminal sugars by using lectin histochemistry during mouse spinal cord development. METHODS Formalin-fixed sections of mouse embryo (10-16 fetal days) were processed for lectin histochemical method. In this study, two groups of horseradish peroxidase-labeled specific lectins we...

Coronaviruses have evolved diverse mechanisms to recognize different receptors for their cross-species transmission and host-range expansion. Mouse hepatitis coronavirus (MHV) uses the N-terminal domain (NTD) of its spike protein as its receptor-binding domain. Here we present the crystal structure of MHV NTD complexed with its receptor murine carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion mole...

Carbohydrate structures on proteins play vital role as recognition markers in several diseases including cancer. The carbohydrate chains are dramatically altered in cancer cells compared to normal cells, both in structure and quantity. The mucin O-glycans show several cancer associated structures like T(Gal-GalNAc-Ser/Thr) and Tn-antigen (GalNAc-Ser/Thr). Terminal galactose (Gal) in mucin type ...