It is believed that the transition proteins (Tnp1 and Tnp2) participate in the removal of the nucleohistones and in the initial condensation of the spermatid nucleus. Later in spermatogenesis, Tnp1 and Tnp2 are replaced by the protamines 1 and 2. In an effort to elucidate the physiological role of Tnp2, we have disrupted its locus by homologous recombination. Breeding of the Tnp2(-/-) males on ...

BACKGROUND Male infertility affects >20 million men worldwide and represents a major health concern. Although multifactorial, male infertility has a strong genetic basis which has so far not been extensively studied. Recent studies of consanguineous families and of small cohorts of phenotypically homogeneous patients have however allowed the identification of a number of autosomal recessive cau...

BACKGROUND Spermatozoa morphology is an important and complex characteristic of the fertilization capacity of male germ cells. Morphological abnormalities have been observed to be accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and further damage to spermatozoa, ultimately leading to infertility. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between seminal ROS production ...

The molecular aetiology of male subfertility is still unknown in the majority of cases and it is thought that multiple genes are involved. One of the genes that might play a role in male reproductive function is the protein C inhibitor (PCI) gene. In mice the presence of PCI is an absolute requirement for reproduction. In this study we performed a mutation screen of the PCI gene in subfertile m...

The objective of this study was to assess fertilization, implantation and pregnancy rates in infertile patients with severe teratozoospermia [P (poor prognosis) pattern sperm morphology assessed by strict criteria] treated by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) using a high insemination concentration (HIC), or by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This was a retrospective cohort study performed ...