In the last years, the adoption of adaptive systems has increased in many fields of computer science, such as databases and software engineering. These systems are able to automatically react to events, by collecting information from the external environment and generating new events. However, the collection of data is often hampered by uncertainty and vagueness. The decision making mechanism u...

We develop a general framework for the design of temporal logics for concurrent recursive programs. A program execution is modeled as a partial order with multiple nesting relations. To specify properties of executions, we consider any temporal logic whose modalities are definable in monadic second-order logic and that, in addition, allows PDL-like path expressions. This captures, in a unifying...

A long standing open problem in the theory of (Mazurkiewicz) traces has been the question whether LTL (Linear Temporal Logic) is expressively complete with respect to the first order theory. We solve this problem positively for finite and infinite traces and for the simplest temporal logic, which is based only on next and until modalities. Similar results were established previously, but they w...

Coding for the degree of disorder in a temporally unfolding sensory input allows for optimized encoding of these inputs via information compression and predictive processing. Prior neuroimaging work has examined sensitivity to statistical regularities within single sensory modalities and has associated this function with the hippocampus, anterior cingulate, and lateral temporal cortex. Here we ...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and electroencephalography (EEG) data provide complementary spatio-temporal information about brain function. Methods to couple the relative strengths of these modalities usually involve two stages: first forming a feature set from each dataset based on one criterion followed by exploration of connections among the features using a second criter...

We add to the standard temporal logic TL(U,S) a sequence of “counting modalities”: For each n the modality Cn(X), which says that X will be true at least at n points in the next unit of time, and its dual ←− C n, which says that X has happened n times in the last unit of time. We show that this temporal logic is expressively complete for the metric predicate logic Q2MLO, which is expressive, de...

Kamp’s theorem established the expressive completeness of the temporal modalities Until and Since for the First-Order Monadic Logic of Order (FOMLO) over real and natural time flows. Over natural time, a single future modality (Until) is sufficient to express all future FOMLO formulas. These are formulas whose truth value at any moment is determined by what happens from that moment on. Yet this...

Information from different sensory modalities is processed in different cortical regions. However, our daily perception is based on the overall impression resulting from the integration of information from multiple sensory modalities. At present it is not known how the human brain integrates information from different modalities into a unified percept. Using a robust phenomenon known as the McG...

Perceiving, memorizing, and estimating temporal durations are key cognitive functions in everyday life. In this study, a duration summation paradigm was used to examine whether summation of temporal durations introduces an underestimation or overestimation bias, and whether this bias is common to visual and auditory modalities. Two within- or across-modality stimuli were presented sequentially ...