Recently, heavy-traffic theory has been applied for understanding behavior of delay in switches. The next section explains the heavy traffic scaling. With some toy examples, it discusses how Brownian motion arises in delay analysis and the idea of state-space collapse. Section 2 defines a switch and sketches a standard method for its stability analysis using the fluid scaling. For fluid scaling...

We present a method for providing response-time guarantees for multimedia traffic in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. The method extends our ResponseTime Analysis (RTA) for ATM networks to better capture the behaviour of MPEG-type multimedia traffic. RTA is intended for admission control of hard real-time traffic, i.e., it determines if a new connection can be admitted without violati...

A rapid growth of the Internet and proliferation of new multimedia applications lead to demands of high speed and broadband network technologies. Routers are also necessary to follow up the growth of link bandwidths. From this reason, there have been many researches on high speed routers having switching capabilities. To have an expected effect, however, a control parameters set based on traffi...

We present a method for providing response-time guarantees for multimedia traffic in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks. The method extends our ResponseTime Analysis (RTA) for ATM networks to better capture the behaviour of MPEG-type multimedia traffic. RTA is intended for admission control of hard real-time traffic, i.e., it determines if a new connection can be admitted without violati...

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of freeway lighting. To achieve this, a case study on traffic accident characteristics was conducted that utilized a suburban freeway area west of Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany, between 1972 and 1981. The study revealed that (a) the effects of lighting on suburban freeway accident rates was positive--there was a reduction in a...

For many years, the evolution of telecommunication networks and the enabling technologies followed an almost prescriptive mechanism, based on a hierarchical arrangement of local, regional and national/international voice switching telephone exchanges. Growth in traffic was fairly predictable, determined mainly by the rate of telephone take-up, with a smattering of higher speed (n × 64 kbit/s an...

An admission control based QoS scheme for IP networks which extends the telephone network’s QoS model is proposed in this paper. The basic call admission employed in telephone network is the Erlang-B model. It derives the traffic-QoS relationship through network capacity, its current utilization and future traffic demand. The same principle is been remodeled here to suit the IP network. It is u...

IP telephony (Voice over IP – VoIP) has become an important driver for packet-based communications. The impact of the growing VoIP traffic on communication networks, especially backbone networks cannot be neglected. Telecom service providers must be aware that VoIP is the newest, fast-growing alternative for voice communication. Unlike voice transmission over the public telephone network, VoIP ...