In the present study, we designed and fabricated a cost-effective miniaturized versatile electrochemical deposition cell, which is found to be at par performance as compared with conventional electrodeposition techniques. A case study being undertaken for of varied thicknesses bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3 ) films on FTO glass substrates. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirm structural perovskit...

We studied the optical properties of as-prepared (amorphous) and thermally crystallized (fcc) flash evaporated Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry in the photon energy range 0.54 4.13 eV. We employed Tauc-Lorentz model (TL) and CodyLorentz model (CL) for amorphous phase and Tauc-Lorentz model with one additional Gaussian oscillator for fcc phase data analysis. T...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (TNT) were successfully synthesized using different N-containing ligands via hydrothermal method. Methylamine, ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine with Ti/ligand molar ratios (1:1, 1:3, 1:5 1:8) prepared. As-synthesized TiO2 without also prepared for comparison purpose. The X-Ray Diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of anatase phase in all samples whe...

This work focuses on preparing TiO2, CdS, and composite TiO2:CdS thin films for photovoltaic applications by thermal evaporation. The suggested materials exhibit very good optical electrical properties can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of device. Various microscopy spectroscopy techniques were considered to investigate optical, morphological, photoluminescence, properties....

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Clustering is an important data exploration task. A prominent clustering algorithm is agglomerative hierarchical clustering. Roughly, in each iteration, it merges the closest pair of clusters. It was rst proposed way back in 1951, and since then there have been numerous mod-iications. Some of its good features are: a natural, simple, and non-parametric grouping of similar objects which is capab...