Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from indoor tanning devices (tanning beds, booths, and sun lamps) or from the sun contributes to the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma, which is the type of skin cancer responsible for most deaths. Indoor tanning is common among certain groups, especially among older adolescents and young adults, adolescent girls and young women, and non-Hispanic whites. ...

Using cross-sectional survey data from Brisbane, Australia, this study identifies prevalence and factors associated with indoor tanning in office workers. Over 12-months, 72/2867 (2.5%) survey participants used solaria. Twenty-eight sunbed users (39%) tanned outdoors and used spray-tans and 42 (58%) reported burns after indoor tanning. Results from regression modelling suggests the strongest pr...

OBJECTIVES To date, tanning prevention programs have led to limited success. The aim of the present study was to investigate potential unexpected prevention effects of completing an online survey focused on tanning attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge among female college tanners. METHODS A sample of 92 female undergraduate students from the USA, mean age = 20.09, SD = 1.41 years, who engaged ...

The purpose of this survey study was to evaluate a model of body image influences on indoor tanning behavior. Participants were 823 young adult women recruited from a probability-based web panel in the United States. Consistent with our hypothesized model, tanning-related sociocultural experiences were indirectly associated with lifetime indoor tanning use and intentions to tan as mediated thro...

Tanning is the process of converting raw skin and hides from different animals into a sustainable manageable material called leather. Leather making very long consists many chemical mechanical steps. The most important step whole leather tanning step, which performed commonly either by vegetable or mineral tanning. More than 85-90% chrome tanning, common type currently applied.

BACKGROUND Increased risk of skin cancer by indoor tanning has drawn public attention. However, there are arguments that tanning bed use increases vitamin D production, which may therefore prevent internal cancers. METHODS We followed 73,358 female nurses for 20 years (1989-2009) in the Nurses' Health Study II and investigated the frequency of tanning bed use during high school/college and at...

Basic chromium sulphate is the most versatile and common tanning agent in the leather industry. Under certain circumstances, the oxidation of the trivalent chromium salts into the hexavalent compounds, which are used in leather manufacture, is a crucial issue. In this study, different proportions of basic chromium sulphate were used in tanning and re-tanning processes according to a commonly us...

T he International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified indoor tanning as carcinogenic to humans. Indoor tanning by those 35 years and younger increases melanoma risk by 75%. Still, recent population-based studies reveal that 10% of youths aged 11 to 18 years and 8% to 14% of their primary caregivers have engaged in indoor tanning in the past year. Particularly noteworthy, indoor...

A neuropeptide hormone-signalling pathway controls events surrounding eclosion in Drosophila melanogaster. Ecdysis-triggering hormone, eclosion hormone and crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) together control pre-eclosion and eclosion events, whereas bursicon, through its receptor rickets (RK), controls post-eclosion development. Cuticular tanning is a convenient visible marker of the tempor...

The incidence of melanoma skin cancer is increasing rapidly, particularly among young women in the United States. Numerous studies have documented an association between the use of indoor tanning devices and an increased risk of skin cancer, especially in young women. Studies have shown that ultraviolet exposure, even in the absence of erythema or burn, results in DNA damage. Countries and regu...