The effects on silage composition of ensiling perennial ryegrass (PRG) with three commercial tannins (mimosa, myrabolam and quebracho tannins) were assessed (Experiment 1). The effects on silage composition and mobile bag disappearance of DM, nitrogen and true protein of the addition of these tannins or a combination of tannin plus formic acid, formaldehyde alone, formic acid alone, or a combin...

BACKGROUND It has been predicted that the global temperature will rise in the future, which means crops including sorghum will likely be grown under higher temperatures, and consequently may affect the nutritional properties. METHODS The effects of two growth temperatures (OT, day/night 32/21°C; HT 38/21°C) on tannin, phytate, mineral, and in vitro iron availability of raw and cooked grains (...

BACKGROUND Compounds present in green tea have proved to inhibit the growth and activity of bacteria associated with infections. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of green tea leaves extract in presence of propylene glycol on the aerobic mouth bacteria load. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva of 25 volunteer girl students aging 20-25 years were selected and evaluated by a mouthwash sample containi...

The effects of citric acid on the curing properties of tannin-sucrose adhesives and on the physical properties of particleboard utilizing the adhesives were investigated. The citric acid content of tannin-sucrose adhesive was adjusted to 0.4, 1.8, 4.6, 13.8, 20.0, and 33.3%, which corresponded to pH values of the adhesive 40 wt% solution at 3.8, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, 1.8, and 1.5, respectively. Therma...

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), including Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), cause opportunistic chronic pulmonary infections. Notably, MAC susceptibility is regulated by various factors, including the host immune system. Persimmon (Ebenaceae Diospyros kaki Thunb.) tannin is a condensed tannin composed of a polymer of catechin groups. It is well known that condensed tannins have high antioxi...

This research tested the effects of paper birch, Betula papyrifera Marshall, condensed tannin on larval performance of the whitemarked tussock moth,Orgyia leucostigma (J. E. Smith). We conducted laboratory bioassays on Þfth stadium larvae. Larvae were reared on one of three diets: control (no condensed tannin), moderate condensed tannin (8.8% dry mass), and high condensed tannin (17.6% dry mass...

We examined the effects of tannin on a generalist herbivorous insect, the common cutworm (Spodoptera litura). The dosage effect was estimated by measuring the growth performance of the cutworm when the larvae were fed artificial diets containing different amounts of synthesized tannin. We used artificial diets to exclude the effects of non-tannin defense mechanisms in plant foliage. Indices of ...

Tannins have a number ofdetrimental biological effects and these include interference with normal growth and metabolism if they are present in the feed of various animals. Proline-rich proteins (PRPs) in saliva have been shown to provide protection against tannin, but little is known about the mechanism of protection and interaction of other salivary proteins with tannin. To identify tannin-bin...

BACKGROUND Tannins are large polyphenolic polymers and are known to bind proteins, limiting their digestibility, but are also excellent antioxidants. Numerous studies investigating the functional properties of sorghum tannin have been conducted by comparing grain samples from different sorghum lines without considering the other intrinsic characteristics of the grain. The purpose of this study ...

The effect of dietary condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) on rat fecal bacterial populations was ascertained in order to determine whether the proportion on tannin-resistant bacteria increased and if there was a change in the predominant bacterial populations. After 3 weeks of tannin diets the proportion of tannin-resistant bacteria increased significantly (P < 0.05) from 0.3% +/- 5.5% to 25....