Destruction of the thyroid gland by I's' in mice is followed by the development of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)-secreting pituitary tumors (5, 11, 13). These tumors can at first be grafted only on mice similarly radiothyroidectomized and not on normal animals (5) ; thus, they are initially conditioned or dependent growths. The tumor cells gain autonomy in the course of passages, as mdi cat...

In an expert system, it is necessary to supply the values of various parameters. Ideally, an absolutely reliable source is available to supply an exact value for any parameter. In reality, one may have unreliable, unconfident, conflicting estimates of the value for a particular parameter. This paper is a consideration of how to represent and combine imperfect estimates. It is assumed that the k...

Uncertainty is a complex phenomenon and is nearly ubiquitous, at least in real-world settings [2]. Depending on the domain in which one works, the definition of ‘uncertainty’ may differ slightly. We consider uncertainty to be a state of limited or imperfect knowledge about a measurement, event or outcome. This uncertainty may derive from incomplete data, contextual factors that indirectly influ...

ontaining health care costs and improving allow policy staff to develop methods for adthe effectiveness of care are todays leadjusting aggregate data by severity and risk de ing health issues Although there is uncerscriptors and address public health issues such tainty as to the extent of the current restructuring as access to care of this countrys health care system there is con siderable agre...

Alm, H. 1982. Learning of probabilistic inference tasks: Effects of uncer­ tainty and function form. This thesis is concerned with the problem of how people learn to use uncer­ tain information for making judgments. The general framework for the thesis is Social Judgment Theory (SJT). First the S3T paradigm, and some research conducted within the paradigm, is briefly described, and a series of ...

The Internet Web environment opens up extraordinary information are changing rapidly. Daily, hundreds of opportunities for user access to information. Techniques thousands of individuals use the Internet and Web for monitoring users and systems and for evaluating sysbrowsers like Netscape to obtain a much broader range tem design and performance have not kept pace with of information than has p...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate patient setup accuracy and quantify indi-vidual and cumulative positioning uncertainties associated with different hardware and software components of the stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) with the frameless 6D ExacTrac system. A statistical model is used to evaluate positioning uncertainties of the different components of SRS/SRT treatment with the Br...

We discuss the problem of construction of inference procedures which can manipulate with uncertainties measured in ordinal scales and fulfil to the property of strict monotonic­ ity of conclusion. The class of A-valuations of plausibility is considered where operations based only on information about linear or­ dering of plausibility values are used. In this class the modus ponens generating fu...

We use the new GLOMAP model of global aerosol microphysics to investigate the sensitivity of modelled sulfate and sea salt aerosol properties to uncertainties in the driving microphysical processes and compare these uncertainties with those associated with aerosol and precursor gas emissions. Overall, we conclude that uncertainties in microphysical processes have a larger effect on global sulfa...

The use of numerical uncertainty representations allows better modeling of some aspects of human evidential reasoning. It also makes knowledge acquisition and sys­ tem development, test, and modification more difficult. We propose that where possible, the assignment and/or refinement of rule weights should be performed automatically. We present one approach to performing this training numerical...