Introduction. Fissured tongue is a commonly encountered tongue disorder in dental practice. But there is a lack of data on different pattern, severity, and association of fissuring with various systemic disorders and other tongue anomalies. This study attempts to establish a classification system for fissured tongue and to know the correlation with the systemic health and other disorders of the...

Methods Electronic records of patients attending the Unit over the period from January 2005 (when hospital information system was established) to April 2012 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of SLE according to the modified ACR classification criteria in patients aged ≤18 years and active disease requiring daily steroid dose higher than 5 mg. Data on clinical and laboratory findi...

An 8-year-old girl was admitted for a simple closure of echocardiographically diagnosed Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). During the operation the right pulmonary veins orifices were not detected in the left atrium and attempt to localize them led to the discovery of three additional anomalies, namely Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava (IIVC), Scimitar syndrome, and systemic arterial supply of the lung. ...

Teeth organogenesis develops through a well-ordered series of inductive events involving genes and BMP, FGF, SHH and WNT represent the main signalling pathways that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Moreover, progress in genetics and molecular biology indicates that more than 300 genes are involved in different phases of teeth development. Mutations in genes involved in odontogenesi...

Purpose The objective of this study was to ascertain the lacrimal drainage anomalies in a cohort of patients suffering from congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Methods This was a retrospective case series performed in patients with CRS presenting with associated lacrimal drainage anomalies (LDA) over 6 years from 2011 to 2016. All the patients were confirmed as having CRS after clinical and la...

OBJECTIVE The introduction of high-resolution ultrasonography combined with color-coded Doppler imaging offered a breakthrough in the evaluation of the human fetal venous system, considerably enhancing our understanding of fetal venous circulation in normal physiologic conditions, as well as providing us the ability to study circulatory changes in abnormal circumstances. The purpose of this stu...