The most widely used sugar alcohols are: xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, lactitol and the products Lycasin and Palatinit. It is often claimed that xylitol is superior to the other sugar alcohols for caries control. This paper examines clinical studies on the caries-preventive and therapeutic effects of sugar alcohols with emphasis on sorbitol and xylitol. It is concluded that chewing sug...

Xylitol, a sugar substitute used in sugar-free gum, oral care products, and baked goods, is gaining popularity in the United States. Xylitol consumption is considered harmless to people but is known to cause life-threatening toxicoses in dogs. Dogs that ingest doses of >0.1 g/kg of xylitol are at risk for developing hypoglycemia, while dogs that ingest >0.5 g/kg may develop acute liver failure....

Aspartame (APM) is a widely used artificial sweetener consumed by hundreds of millions of people around the world . It is found in more than 6,000 products, including soft drinks, chewing gum, candy, yoghurt, tabletop sweeteners and some pharmaceuticals such as vitamins and sugar-free cough drops. Dietary surveys, performed among APM consumers, have shown that the average APM daily intake in th...

EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to sugar-free chewing gum sweetened with xylitol and plaque acid neutralisation (ID 485), maintenance of tooth mineralisation (ID 486, 562, 1181), reduction of dental plaque (ID 485, 3085), and defence against pathogens in the middle ear (ID 561, 1180) pursuant to Ar...

The side effects of synthetic antioxidants have been considered in different studies. Accordingly, there is an increasing interest toward the use of natural substances instead of the synthetic ones. In this study, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Pistacia vera leaves and fruits as well as hydroalcoholic extract of gum were tested for a possible antioxidant activity using in vitro methods. ...

Paralytic ileus after abdominal surgery causes abdominal distention, pain, accumulation of gas, nausea and vomiting. Chewing gum can increase bowel movements and reduce the transient period of paralysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gum chewing in the reduction of paralytic ileus following cholecystectomy. This interventional study was conducted on 40 patients underg...

Salivary assays are increasingly prevalent in behavioral research, and chewing gum is a widely used sialogogue. Methodological investigations into sialogogues have provided mixed results, and few of these have incorporated multiple analytes, gums, and genders. To test effects of gum on salivary testosterone (T), estradiol (E), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) assays, participants (86 women; 91 men) p...

the side effects of synthetic antioxidants have been considered in different studies. accordingly, there is an increasing interest toward the use of natural substances instead of the synthetic ones. in this study, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pistacia vera leaves and fruits as well as hydroalcoholic extract of gum were tested for a possible antioxidant activity using in vitro methods. ...

BACKGROUND Chewing gum may stimulate gastrointestinal motility, with beneficial effects on postoperative ileus suggested in small studies. The primary aim of this trial was to determine whether chewing gum reduces length of hospital stay (LOS) after colorectal resection. Secondary aims included examining bowel habit symptoms, complications and healthcare costs. METHODS This clinical trial all...

The effects of some synthetic sweeteners on the rheological and physical properties of guar gum in dilute solutions were investigated.Measurements include the determination of intrinsic viscosity and the particle size, surface weighted mean [D3, 2], volume weighted mean [D4,3] and specificsurface area ofguar gum andsyntheticsweeteners mixtures. T...