Phosphatidylcholine is the major phospholipid in eukaryotic cells. It serves as a structural component of cell membranes and a reservoir of several lipid messengers. Recent studies in yeast and mammalian systems have revealed interrelationships between the two pathways of phosphatidylcholine metabolism, and between these pathways and those for CTP synthesis and secretion via the Golgi. These pr...

Ageing in many organisms, including humans, is accompanied by marked alterations in both general and specific protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is normally under tight control by a broad array of regulatory factors, which facilitate appropriate rates of mRNA translation. Are the wide changes in protein synthesis simply a corollary of the ageing process or do they have a causative role in sen...

Concerns about sustainability of fossil fuels and global warming, along with energy security, have provided a strong incentive in recent times towards research and development of carbon neutral alternatives including biofuels and biochemicals. This necessitates the development of efficient “biocatalysts” which can access wide range of products currently derived from petroleum. Current work deal...

MXene Synthesis In article number 2203767, Chong-Min Koo and co-workers show that a high temperature non-aqueous synthesis of Ti3C2Tx can significantly enhance the reaction rate yield delaminated flakes with quality. Additionally, prepared by this method is covered more F-terminations exhibits tensile strength. These findings offer new opportunities towards diversifying synthetic pathways synth...

The environmental pollution has become, during the recent years, a crucial problem of public concern, and the authorities are requested to realize “pollution prevention” with systematic methods to replace the conventional “end-of-pipe” treatment techniques. The specification of the most desirable reaction routes that connect the initial reactants and the desired products, or known as reaction p...

Recent genetic evidence reveals additional salvage pathways for NAD(+) synthesis. In this issue, Belenky et al. (2007) report that nicotinamide riboside, a new NAD(+) precursor, regulates Sir2 deacetylase activity and life span in yeast. The ability of nicotinamide riboside to enhance life span does not depend on calorie restriction.

Stoichiometrically exact, candidate pathways, i.e., mechanisms, for deriving the rate law of the catalytic synthesis of ammonia have been determined through the synthesis of networks of known elementary reactions constituting such pathways. This has been undertaken to reassess the validity of available mechanisms and to explore the possible existence of additional ones for the catalytic synthes...

RNA processing is essential factor for synthesis of functional and structural proteins in eukaryote cells. In eukaryote organisms it will be initiated with transcription of DNA in nucleolus and terminated to mRNA translation in cytoplasm, finally mRNA degraded. Protein synthesis followed as different steps, includes 5' capping, poly adenylating, processing and transferring from nucleolus to cyt...