Risk of exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) spirochetes, which include the causative agents of Lyme disease, is, in part, determined by the density of questing infected vector ticks. We sought to clarify the temporal patterns of nymphal activity, and the extent of variation in peak and cumulative densities of B. burgdorferi s.l.-infected Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls nymphs, at...

The influence of synoptic circulation patterns on surface ozone concentrations at three monitoring sites in southern Sweden was investigated for the spring (April–May) and summer (June–August) periods 1990–2005. Synoptic circulation patterns were classified into six groups based on the Lamb Weather Types (LWTs). The analyses show that the anticyclonic weather pattern (A) and the directional flo...

The derivation of the meridional momentum flux arising from a multiscale horizontal velocity field in the intraseasonal, planetary, equatorial synoptic-scale dynamics (IPESD) multiscale models of the equatorial troposphere is presented. It is shown that, because of the balance dynamics on the synoptic scales, the synoptic-scale component of the meridional momentum flux convergence must always v...

One of the unexplained striking features of tropical convection is the observed statistical self-similarity, in clusters, superclusters, and intraseasonal oscillations through complex multi-scale processes ranging from the mesoscales to the equatorial synoptic scales to the intraseasonal/planetary scales. Here new multi-spatial scale, multi-time scale, simplified asymptotic models are derived s...

[1] A kinematic mechanism for the positive feedback between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and synoptic eddies are depicted based on observational data analyses. Using three-point rescaled covariance statistics of bandpass-filtered (2–8 days) synoptic eddy fields, we examined observed eddy structure changes associated with wintermean NAO anomalous flow. It is demonstrated that the NAO flo...