Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) represent an interesting candidate for cell therapy and could be obtained from olfactory mucosa (OM-OECs) or olfactory bulbs (OB-OECs). Recent reports suggest that, depending on their origin, OECs display different functional properties. We show here the complementary and additive effects of co-transplanting OM-OECs and OB-OECs after lesion of a peripheral ner...

Case 1, a female aged 38 years, had a partial congenital ptosis on the right side and an unduly wide palpebral fissure, amounting to a lid retraction, on the left (Fig. 1). Elevation of the right eye was completely absent and that of the left was markedly restricted (Fig. 2). On looking down, only the left eye moved downwards in a normal manner, while the right eye diverged (Fig. 3). The left u...

Several abnormal synkinetic eye movements during jaw movements may often be seen after trauma or congenitally in the Marcus Gunn jaw winking phenomenon. The most frequent type consists of unilateral ptosis and retraction of the ptotic lid upon moving the jaw. The authors describe a case with isolated simultaneous adduction of the left eye upon jaw movement. This paper presents a rare case of Ma...

OBJECTIVE This study is a critical review of the described methods for objective topographic evaluation of facial nerve function to identify areas of consensus and point to future research topics. SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: Original research articles on the subject were identified through the Medline database and reference cross-checking. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The articles were grou...

BACKGROUND: A lack of evidence on the reliability limits utility Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SFGS) in individuals affected by stroke both clinical and research settings.AIM: To examine test-retest inter-rater SFGS patients subacute stroke.DESIGN: repeated-assessments design (fifteen days apart) was used to SFGS.SETTING: Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit.POPULATION: Thirty-two inpatients with ...