This paper concerns an optimal control problem defined on a class of switched-mode hybrid dynamical systems. The system’s mode is changed (switched) whenever the state variable crosses a certain surface in the state space, henceforth called a switching surface. These switching surfaces are parameterized by finite-dimensional vectors called the switching parameters. The optimal control problem i...

Direct Torque Control (DTC) algorithm for induction motor drives gives fast transient response. The classical DTC algorithm utilizes a proportional integral (PI) speed controller to generate the reference torque value. Though this is quite effective, it is sensitive to parameter variation. To overcome this problem, this paper presents a fuzzy variable structure controller (FVSC), which improves...

This paper proposes two new soft-switching transformerless converters with high voltage conversion ratio. These proposed converters achieve soft-switching each with a single auxiliary resonant cell. The merit of these converters is reduced switching losses with lesser number of devices. The main switching devices are turned off with zero current switching (ZCS). Apart from the soft-switching fe...

A specific bifunctional molecule containing amidine is prepared to construct a CO2-responsive surface via molecular self-assembly. The smart surface undergoes CO2-responsive switching of surface charges and wettability, leading to distinctively selective adsorption of hydrophobic/hydrophilic molecules.