introduction : the dynamic interaction between mother and infant is one of the indicative factors of infants’ social and emotional development especially in stressful situations as cognitive evaluating. methods: an experimental study was completed in 2010 in tehran on a total of 40 infants (18 boys and 22girls) forming two alternative groups and varying in age of infancy (4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 mon...

Chemical synapses contain substantial numbers of neurotransmitter-filled synaptic vesicles, ranging from approximately 100 to many thousands. The vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release neurotransmitter and are subsequently reformed and recycled. Stimulation of synapses in vitro generally causes the majority of the synaptic vesicles to release neurotransmitter, leading to the assumpti...

In this study an attempt was made to design and evaluate oral sustained release matrix tablets of ranolazine using Methocel K4M CR as the retardant polymer. Tablets were prepared by conventional wet granulation technique. Tablets were evaluated for parameters such as weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content. All the formulations showed compliance with pharmacopieal standards. In ...

The functional assembly of the synaptic release machinery is well understood; however, how signalling factors modulate this process remains unknown. Recent studies suggest that Wnts play a role in presynaptic function. To examine the mechanisms involved, we investigated the interaction of release machinery proteins with Dishevelled-1 (Dvl1), a scaffold protein that determines the cellular local...

The oral route of drug delivery is typically considered the preferred and most patient-convenient means of drug administration. The advances in the formulation technology of modified release dosage form with sustained release oral dosage form has been widely accepted approach as compared to conventional immediate release formulations of the same drug, over which it provides a prolong release of...

Sustained release drug delivery systems are designed to achieve a prolonged therapeutic effect by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after administration of a single dose. advantages of sustained release drug delivery over conventional dosage forms like improved patient compliance due to less frequent drug administration, maximum utilization of the drug, increased...

Formulations for sustained medication release are very useful in the treatment of chronic disorders. The oral route has selected matrix tablets as most likely type prolonged drug release. In order to generate therapeutic activity a protracted duration, maintain stable plasma concentration and sustain rate throughout time. preparations with short half-life high dosage frequency, extended-release...

Anti-viral CD4(+) T cells are required to orchestrate and sustain the activities of the adaptive immune system during a persistent viral infection. Three recent studies suggest that CD4(+) T cells accomplish this in part through the release of IL-21.

A physiological concentration of extracellular ATP stimulated biphasic Ca(2+) signal, and the Ca(2+) transient was decreased and the Ca(2+) sustain was eliminated immediately after removal of ATP and Ca(2+) in RBA-2 astrocytes. Reintroduction of Ca(2+) induced Ca(2+) sustain. Stimulation of P2Y(1) receptors with 2-methylthioadenosine 5'-diphosphate (2MeSADP) also induced a biphasic Ca(2+) signa...