background: dose calculation algorithms play a very important role in predicting the explicit dose distribution. we evaluated the percent depth dose (pdd), lateral depth dose profile, and surface dose volume histogram in inhomogeneous media using calculation algorithms and inhomogeneity correction methods. materials and methods: the homogeneous and inhomogeneous virtual slab phantoms used in th...

In this paper we propose a new matrix pencil based method for estimating parameters (frequencies and damping factors) of exponentially damped sinusoids in noise. The proposed algorithm estimates the signal parameters using a matrix pencil constructed from measured data. We show that the performance of the estimation can be signiicantly improved by the combination of our proposed matrix pencil a...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this research was to study how the speed and legibility of fourth-graders handwriting was affected by type of pencil grip on the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting-Cursive. METHOD Ninety-five typically developing students and 6 students receiving special education services completed the Evaluation Tool of Children's Handwriting-Cursive (ETCH-C). Photographs wer...

Acoustic emission (AE) signals propagate as the extensional and ßexural plate modes in thin composite plates and plate-like geometries such as shells, pipes, and tubes. The relative amplitude of the two modes depends on the directionality of the source motion. For source motions with large out-ofplane components such as delaminations or particle impact, the ßexural or bending plate mode dominat...

Scatterometers are remote sensing radars designed to measure near-surface winds over the ocean. The difficulties of accommodating traditional fan-beam scatterometers on spacecraft has lead to the development of a scanning pencilbeam instrument known as SeaWinds. SeaWinds will be part of the Japanese Advanced Earth Observing Satellite II (ADEOSII) to be launched in 1999. To analyze the performan...

The pencil hardness of a two-component polyurethane coating was improved by adding halloysite nanotubes to the recipe at a weight fraction of less than 10%. The pencil hardness was around F for the unfilled coating and increased to around 2H upon filling. It was important to silanize the surface of the filler in order to achieve good coupling to the matrix. Sonicating the sample during drying a...

Pencil Grasp Pattern: How Critical is it to Functional Handwriting? Heidi D. Schwellnus Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science University of Toronto 2012 This thesis reports the results of a large study to evaluate the kinetics of pencil grasp patterns in terms of speed and legibility of handwriting of children in Grade 4. Current clinical practice as recent as 2008 ...

Pencil core granulomas are still infrequently reported in the literature. A 67-year-old woman presented with a 4mm hard blue subcutaneous nodule on the forehead. She remembered being injured with a pencil tip about 60 years before. The subcutaneous nodule was excised, which microscopically revealed a foreign body reaction with histiocytes containing fragmented coarse black particles. We diagnos...

A simple and inexpensive approach for extracting the threedimensional shape of objects is presented. It is based on `weak structured lighting'; it di ers from other conventional structured lighting approaches in that it requires very little hardware besides the camera: a desk-lamp, a pencil and a checkerboard. The camera faces the object, which is illuminated by the desk-lamp. The user moves a ...