Dispersion relations and polarizations for surface waves in infinite planar samples in the QHE regime are explicitly determined in the small wavevector limit in which the dielectric tensor can be considered local. The wavelength and frequency regions of applicability of the results extends to the infrared region for typical experimental conditions. Then, standard samples with millimetric sizes ...

Understanding the structure of the wavefunction is essential for depicting the surface states of a topological insulator. Owing to the inherent strong spin–orbit coupling, the conventional hand-waving picture of the Dirac surface state with a single chiral spin texture is incomplete, as this ignores the orbital components of the Dirac wavefunction and their coupling to the spin textures. Here, ...

We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically random-phase surface solitons in effectively instantaneous nonlinear media. The key mechanism for self-trapping is played by a nonlocal nature of the nonlinearity, in contrast to other incoherent solitons involving time averaging. These incoherent surface solitons display features different from their bulk counterparts and from other surface waves.

The mode stabilization behavior of the buried active wave guide with lateral diffused junction is theoretically investigated. The study shows that for an active waveguide of width around 5 pm with a lateral diffused junction in the middle, the single fundamental transverse mode is preferred as the injection level is raised. The theoretical results are found to be in good agreement with experime...

We introduce a method for diagnosing the electric surface potential of a semiconductor based on THz surface generation. In our scheme, that we name Optical Pump Rectification Emission, a THz field is generated directly on the surface via surface optical rectification of an ultrashort pulse after which the DC surface potential is screened with a second optical pump pulse. As the THz generation d...

t-shape profile barriers are one of the most successful barriers among many different profiles. it has been shown that using welled diffusers on the top of t-shaped barriers makes a reactive barrier that shows better performance than that of any other used profile barriers compared with their equivalent absorbent barrier. the contribution of the top surface of reactive t-profile barriers to the...