Host suitability of commercial sunflower hybrids to Pratylenchus zeae was studied in the field and greenhouse. For comparison, one maize and one grain sorghum inbred line, both susceptible to P. zeae, were included in the greenhouse experiments. Pratylenchus zeae densities extracted from the roots of sunflower hybrids grown in naturally infested soil were low. In the first greenhouse experiment...

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), with its high oil quality, is one of the major and most valuable oilseed crops in the world. Sunflower rust, caused by Puccinia helianthi Schw., is one of the major foliar diseases of sunflower. The pathogen is present wherever sunflower is grown in the world and causes important yield losses when severe epidemics occur. The objective of this study was to ident...

Nonlethal alternatives are needed to manage blackbird (Icterids) damage to rice and sunflower production in the United States. We evaluated 4 registered fungicides on rice seeds (i.e., AllegianceH FL, Thiram 42-S, TrilexH, and VitavaxH 200 preplant seed treatments) and 2 foliar pesticides on sunflower seeds (Cobalt insecticide and Flock Buster bird repellent) as candidate blackbird repellents. ...

Forty midlactation Holstein cows averaging 635 kg of body weight (SE = 8) were allotted at wk 25 of lactation to ten groups of four cows blocked for similar calving dates to determine the effects of formaldehyde treatment of flaxseed and sunflower seed on fatty acid composition of blood and milk, milk yield, feed intake, and apparent digestibility. Cows were fed a total mixed diet based on gras...

Introduction Sunflower (Helianthus annus) seeds and byproduct meals are of importance in some parts of the world because they provide a source of high-oil protein material for livestock diets. The major sunflower producing areas of the world today are Argentina, China, Eastern Europe, and the United States. Although Australia produces only relatively small amounts of sunflower meal (Table 1), i...

Chloroplasts were isolated from pea and sunflower leaves having various water potentials. Oxygen evolution by the chloroplasts was measured under identical conditions for all treatments with saturating light and with dichloroindophenol as oxidant. Evolution was inhibited when leaf water potentials were below -12 bars in pea and -8 bars in sunflower and the inhibition was proportional to leaf wa...

Phylogenetic analyses of genes with demonstrated involvement in evolutionary transitions can be an important means of resolving conflicting hypotheses about evolutionary history or process. In sunflower, two genes have previously been shown to have experienced selective sweeps during its early domestication. In the present study, we identified a third candidate early domestication gene and cond...

In sunflower, molecular markers for simple traits as, e.g., fertility restoration, high oleic acid content, herbicide tolerance or resistances to Plasmopara halstedii, Puccinia helianthi, or Orobanche cumana have been successfully used in marker-assisted breeding programs for years. However, agronomically important complex quantitative traits like yield, heterosis, drought tolerance, oil conten...

High consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as sunflower oil has been associated to beneficial effects in plasma lipid profile, but its role on inflammation and insulin resistance is not fully elucidated yet. We evaluated the effect of sunflower oil supplementation on inflammatory state and insulin resistance condition in HFD-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 male mice (8 weeks) were divide...

In this study, preheated crude sunflower oil at 75C was used in a fourcylinder, naturally aspirated, indirect injection diesel engine. The experiments were conducted at the constant engine speeds under the full load condition of the engine to determine the performance, combustion, and injection characteristics of test fuels. The engine test results have been compared with the reference values t...