Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation present in sunlight is an important trigger of photomorphogenic acclimation and stress responses in sessile land plants. Although numerous moss species grow in unshaded habitats, our understanding of their UV-B responses is very limited. The genome of the model moss Physcomitrella patens, which grows in sun-exposed open areas, encodes signaling and metabolic compo...

Numerous studies have stated that humans need to utilise full sun radiation, at certain times of the day, to assist the body in synthesising the required levels of vitamin D3. The time needed to be spent in the full sun depends on a number of factors, for example, age, skin type, latitude, solar zenith angle. Current Australian guidelines suggest exposure to approximately 1/6 to 1/3 of a minimu...

Tanning is the increase in skin pigmentmelanin; it causes the change in color of our skin. Excessive tanning causes skin damage. It is overexposure to the UV rays from the sun. The supreme cause of skin cancer is believed to be the over exposure to the solar radiation which is the medley of ultra-violet radiation (UVA, UVB, and UVC), and visible light. UVB is the stronger component amongst the ...

UVA protection afforded by 6 different sunscreens with a sun protection factor of 21 or more was compared by means of the persistent pigmentation darkening method. Colorimetric and visual assessment showed significant differences in UV radiation-induced pigmentation at 2 hours. The labeled sun protection factor of the tested sunscreens was not predictive of UVA protection level.

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is divided into three regions: UVA, UVB, and UVC. Both the quality and quantity of solar UV radiation vary with various factors including the elevation of the sun above the horizon, as well as absorption and scattering of UV photons by molecules in the atmosphere, notably ozone and clouds. It is clear that whereas a moderate amount of UV exposure ...

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair with ultraviolet (UV) radiation sensitivity and a 10 000-fold increased risk of skin cancer. Symptoms include: freckle-like pigmentation in sun-exposed skin before age 2 years, severe burns after minimal sun exposure (50% of patients) and damage to exposed surfaces of the eyes with loss of vis...

We have carried out a series of calculations involving bacteria and viruses embedded in dust grains, which are ejected from our solar system by radiation pressure and travel through space to other star systems. Under many conditions this type of panspermia is impractical, primarily because the ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the present Sun inactivates the micro-organisms. However, if the organ...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and correlates of skin cancer-related behaviors in a representative sample of the population of the region of Madrid (Spain). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study based on a telephone survey. A total of 2,007 participants aged 18-64 years completed a questionnaire that included items on knowledge about the risk of skin cancer, sun exposure, the use...

Sunscreens aid the body's natural defense mechanisms to protect against harmful UV radiation from the sun. The present study involves the formulation of sunscreen cream with herbal active ingredients and evaluation for its effectiveness. Naturally occurring traditional substances are gradually replacing synthetic counterparts due to their effectiveness and absence of adverse effects. The herbal...

long exposure of uv radiation increases risk of skin diseases such as cancer and photoallergic reactions. uv-b (280-320 nm) radiation is mainly responsible for inducing skin problems. skin protection is a suitable method in the fight against ultraviolet radiation induced damage. various synthetic agents have been used as photo protective but because of their potential toxicity in humans, they h...