Normalized cross correlation (NCC), Sum of squared differences (SSD), and Sum of absolute differences (SAD) are the linear correlation measures generally used for stereo correspondence. These measures fail to establish the correspondence under nonideal conditions such as specular reflection, occlusion etc. In this paper, the similarity measures for stereo correspondence based on rank correlatio...

This paper analyzes the performance of sum of squared differences (SSD), sum of absolute differences (SAD), normalized cross correlation (NCC), zero mean normalized cross correlation (ZNCC) and several other proposed modified expressions of NCC. Experimental results on real images demonstrate that some of the proposed modified expressions of NCC are more efficient than conventional NCC for temp...

In this paper, an H.263 video codec is implemented by adopting the concept of hardware and software co-design. Each module of the codec is investigated to find which approach between hardware and software is better to achieve real-time processing speed and flexibility. The hardware portion includes motion-related engines, such as motion estimation and compensation, and memory control. The other...

In this paper, we propose an extended successive elimination algorithm (SEA) for fast optimal block matching motion estimation (ME). By reinterpreting the typical sum of absolute differences measure, we can obtain additional decision criteria whether to discard the impossible candidate motion vectors. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the computational complexity up ...

We give fast filtering algorithms to search for a 2– dimensional pattern in a 2–dimensional text allowing any rotation of the pattern. We consider the cases of exact and approximate matching under several matching models, improving the previous results. For a text of size n× n characters and a pattern of size m×m characters, the exact matching takes average time O(n log m/m), which is optimal. ...

Given a query DNA sequence, our goal is to find in the DNA sequence database all the sequence segments that are similar to the query. In this paper we present a stringto-signal transform technique that can transform a DNA sequence into a four-channel signal. Without considering gaps, the edit distance between two DNA sequences can be calculated as the sum of absolute difference (SAD) between th...

This paper proposes a novel method for early termination of a motion search. It first introduces an estimator of the sum of absolute difference (SAD) between the current block and a search point. After analyzing the SAD estimator, it proposes the SAD condition to decide whether the current search point is around a minimum point or not. The counter condition is used to evaluate the current searc...

Information-processing biases based on cognitive and cognitive behavioral models have been reported in social anxiety disorder (SAD). One such bias is the attention bias, or selectively attending to threat stimuli. This bias has been associated in anxiety with maintenance and worsening of SAD symptoms. The objective of the present study was to examine, compare, and clarify differences in attent...

In this paper, we investigate the collapsing of eight multioperand addition related operations into a single and common (3:2)counter array. We consider for this unit multiplication in integer and fractional representations, the Sum of Absolute Differences (SAD) in unsigned, signed magnitude and two’s complement notation. Furthermore, the unit also incorporates a Multiply-Accumulation unit (MAC)...