OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of caffeine on diaphragmatic activity, tidal volume (Vt), and end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN Using transcutaneous electromyography of the diaphragm (dEMG), we measured diaphragmatic activity from 30 minutes before (baseline) to 3 hours after administration of an intravenous caffeine-base loading dose in 30 spontaneously bre...

Objectives: M-mode ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm in various clinical conditions that affect Diaphragm movement. To apply M-mode ultrasound technique as a useful imaging modality in clinical practice. Materials and methods: Cross sectional study over a period of 6 months was done in 185 patients with clinical conditions that affects diaphragm. Diaphragmatic excursion from reference baseline...

Introduction : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition in which the lungs experience obstruction that not fully reversible. One of independent nursing interventions dealing with decreased diaphragmatic breathing exersice relaxation technique. This technique non-pharmacological therapy can improve abdominal movement by reducing respiratory muscle activity. The purpose study w...

Respiratory muscle weakness resulting from both diaphragmatic contractile dysfunction and atrophy has been hypothesized to contribute to the weaning difficulties associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). While it is clear that oxidative injury contributes to MV-induced diaphragmatic weakness, the source(s) of oxidants in the diaphragm during MV remain unknown. These experiments tes...

The effect of muscle activation on muscle nitric oxide (NO) production remains controversial. Whereas NO release increases in in vitro activated muscles and in vivo limb muscles, diaphragmatic NO synthase (NOS) activity declines after 3 h of inspiratory resistive loading (IRL). We tested in this study the hypotheses that acute IRL decreases diaphragmatic NO derivatives levels and reduces protei...

BACKGROUND Prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation depresses diaphragmatic efficiency. Assisted modes of ventilation should improve it. We assessed the impact of pressure support ventilation versus neurally adjusted ventilator assist on diaphragmatic efficiency. METHOD Patients previously ventilated with controlled mechanical ventilation for 72 hours or more were randomized to be ventilat...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the recruitment of cervical muscles during nasal inspiration before and after breathing and postural exercises on the Swiss Ball in children with Mouth Breathing Syndrome (MBS). METHOD Surface electromyography from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), sub-occipitals and upper Trapezius muscles was recorded during nasal inspiration, before and at the end of thr...

Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is the failure of the autonomic system to control adequate ventilation while asleep with preserved ventilatory response while awake. We report a case of a patient with CCHS who presented with intrathoracic and extrathoracic airway obstruction after tracheostomy tube decannulation and phrenic nerve pacer placement. Nocturnal polysomnography (NPS...