In this paper, we introduce and study the prime, strongly prime,semiprime and irreducible fuzzy bi-ideals of a semigroup. We characterize thosesemigroups for which each fuzzy bi-ideal is semiprime. We also characterizethose semigroups for which each fuzzy bi-ideal is strongly prime.

In this paper we continue to study the strongly annihilating-submodule graph. addition providing more properties of graph, compare extensively graph with

the aim of this paper is to generalize the‎‎notion of pseudo-almost valuation domains to arbitrary‎ ‎commutative rings‎. ‎it is shown that the classes of chained rings‎ ‎and pseudo-valuation rings are properly contained in the class of‎ ‎pseudo-almost valuation rings; also the class of pseudo-almost‎ ‎valuation rings is properly contained in the class of quasi-local‎ ‎rings with linearly ordere...

a module m is called epi-retractable if every submodule of m is a homomorphic image of m. dually, a module m is called co-epi-retractable if it contains a copy of each of its factor modules. in special case, a ring r is called co-pli (resp. co-pri) if rr (resp. rr) is co-epi-retractable. it is proved that if r is a left principal right duo ring, then every left ideal of r is an epi-retractable ...

We state several conditions under which comultiplication and weak comultiplication modulesare cyclic and study strong comultiplication modules and comultiplication rings. In particular,we will show that every faithful weak comultiplication module having a maximal submoduleover a reduced ring with a finite indecomposable decomposition is cyclic. Also we show that if M is an strong comultiplicati...

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Let R be a commutative integral domain with quotient field K and let P be a nonzero strongly prime ideal of R. We give several characterizations of such ideals. It is shown that (P : P) is a valuation domain with the unique maximal ideal P. We also study when P^{&minus1} is a ring. In fact, it is proved that P^{&minus1} = (P : P) if and only if P is not invertible. Furthermore, if P is invertib...